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Germination of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seeds in response to different hormone treatments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2008

Gabriel Kanmegne  and
Ndoumou Denis Omokolo
Gabriel Kanmegne
Affiliation:
Fac. Sci., Dep. Plant Biol., Univ. Dschang, PO Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
Ndoumou Denis Omokolo
Affiliation:
Dep. Biol., Univ. Yaounde I, High. Teach. Train. Coll., PO Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Abstract

 Introduction. Despite its socio-economic importance, cultivation of Garcinia kola Heckel is very limited due to poor seed germination. The literature gives contradictory information concerning this fact. Our study therefore aimed at (1) evaluating the variability in germination traits among seeds collected from different areas of Cameroon; and (2) testing the efficiency of some hormone treatments in improving the seed germination rate, which would promote cultivation of G. kola by rural farmers. Materials and methods. Six collections of seeds originating from six locations in Cameroon were subjected to pre-sowing treatments; soaking for 3 days at room temperature in cool distilled water (control), or in cool distilled water supplemented with either 10-4 M gibberellic acid (GA3), 10-4 M naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 10-4 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 10-4 M benzylaminopurine (BAP) or 10-4 M kinetin; they were then placed to germinate in laboratory conditions. Cumulative seed germination data were recorded for 30 weeks. Results. The pre-germination treatments had profound effects on the phenology of G. kola seed germination. Multiple shoots, multiple roots and callus formation were induced from seeds soaked in BAP, NAA and 2,4-D solutions, respectively. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect (p < 0.01) of seed collection on the germination velocity. Although the rate of germination was higher and the complete dormancy period lower in seeds treated with NAA than in seeds with other treatments, none of these seed treatments significantly enhanced germination. Conclusion. Variations in phenology responses of G. kola seeds to hormone treatments indicate that the tissues of this plant may be responsive in in vitro culture. Variations in seed germination velocity among collections may explain the current controversy over G. kola seed germination, and could help in further selection and domestication processes of this species.

Keywords

CameroonGarcinia kolaplant propagationseedsdormancy breakersgerminationplant growth substancesCamerounGarcinia kolamultiplication des plantesgrainesubstance levant la dormancegerminationsubstance de croissance végétale
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 63 , Issue 3 , May 2008 , pp. 155 - 161
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences, 2008

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