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Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells and their application in the immunotherapy of solid tumours

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2022

Rui Mao ,
Mohamed S. Hussein Open the ORCID record for Mohamed S. Hussein [Opens in a new window]  and
Yukai He Open the ORCID record for Yukai He [Opens in a new window]
Rui Mao
Affiliation:
Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, USA
Mohamed S. Hussein
Affiliation:
Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, USA
Yukai He*
Affiliation:
Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, USA Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Yukai He, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In this article, we reviewed the current literature studies and our understanding of the parameters that affect the chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T's) activation, effector function, in vivo persistence, and antitumour effects. These factors include T cell subsets and their differentiation stages, the components of chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) design, the expression promoters and delivery vectors, and the CAR-T production process. The CAR signalling and CAR-T activation were also studied in comparison to TCR. The last section of the review gave special consideration of CAR design for solid tumours, focusing on strategies to improve CAR-T tumour infiltration and survival in the hostile tumour microenvironment. With several hundred clinical trials undergoing worldwide, the pace of CAR-T immunotherapy moves from bench to bedside is unprecedented. We hope that the article will provide readers a clear and comprehensive view of this rapidly evolving field and will help scientists and physician to design effective CAR-Ts immunotherapy for solid tumours.

Keywords

Adoptive cell transferchimeric antigen receptorT cell engineeringtumour immunotherapy
Type
Review
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 24 , 2022 , e7
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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