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Competition dynamics of Parthenium hysterophorus in direct-seeded aerobic rice fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 August 2019

Ali A. Bajwa Open the ORCID record for Ali A. Bajwa [Opens in a new window] ,
Aman Ullah ,
Muhammad Farooq ,
Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
Steve Adkins
Ali A. Bajwa*
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia The Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
Aman Ullah
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan
Muhammad Farooq
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, 123 Muscat, Oman The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA6009, Australia
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Affiliation:
The Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
Steve Adkins
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia The Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
*
*Corresponding author. Emails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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Abstract

Parthenium hysterophorus is a prolific invasive weed species, which infests many crops in over 40 countries around the world. A 2-year field study was carried out to quantify the potential impacts of this weed on direct-seeded rice. Parthenium weed was allowed to compete for 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks after crop emergence, while full season weedy and weed-free plots were maintained as controls. Parthenium weed plants grew taller and attained more biomass as the competition duration prolonged. The yield and yield-related attributes of rice were negatively affected with increasing competition duration. The season-long competition caused the highest reductions in panicle number (28–34%), panicle length (26–27%), grains per panicle (22–23%) and grain yield (33 and 38%) of rice in both years. Weed competition for 2–8 weeks caused 5–34% and 6–33% losses in rice grain yield during both years, respectively. Importantly, Parthenium weed control after 8 weeks of competition did not improve rice yield significantly. The results suggested that Parthenium weed should be controlled in rice fields between 4 and 8 weeks after crop emergence under direct-seeded conditions to avoid over 10% yield losses.

Keywords

Aerobic riceParthenium weedWeed competition
Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 56 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 196 - 203
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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Footnotes

†

Current affiliation: Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia

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