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Herbicide residues of pre-harvest burndown in cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata) grains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2020

G. Concenço Open the ORCID record for G. Concenço [Opens in a new window] ,
R. Vivian ,
F. S. Ikeda ,
I. R. Pizzutti ,
G.M.E. Vela ,
V.L. Ferracini ,
L. Nora ,
G. Ceccon  and
F.I.G.R. Concenço
G. Concenço*
Affiliation:
Department of Sustainable Cropping Systems, Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Rodovia BR 163 Km 253.6 s/n, Dourados79804-970, Brazil
R. Vivian
Affiliation:
Department of Food Crops, Embrapa Meio-Norte, Av. Duque de Caxias 5650, Teresina, Caixa Postal 001, 64008-780, Brazil
F. S. Ikeda
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Rodovia dos Pioneiros MT-222, Km 2.5, Sinop, Caixa Postal 343, 78550-970, Brazil
I. R. Pizzutti
Affiliation:
Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Chemistry – CEPARC, Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 18, Santa Maria97105-900, Brazil
G.M.E. Vela
Affiliation:
Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Chemistry – CEPARC, Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 18, Santa Maria97105-900, Brazil
V.L. Ferracini
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Residues and Contaminants, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP-340, Km 127.5, Jaguariuna13918-110, Brazil
L. Nora
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Estrada Geral s/n, Campus Universitário, Capão do Leão96160-000, Brazil
G. Ceccon
Affiliation:
Department of Sustainable Cropping Systems, Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Rodovia BR 163 Km 253.6 s/n, Dourados79804-970, Brazil
F.I.G.R. Concenço
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Estrada Geral s/n, Campus Universitário, Capão do Leão96160-000, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata) is usually submitted to pre-harvest burndown with herbicides aiming to an early harvest. We aimed to quantify the residues of paraquat, diquat, glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate in cowpea grains subjected to two timings of pre-harvest burndown. Three identical experiments were installed in Dourados (Lat. 22° S), Sinop (Lat. 11° S) and Teresina (Lat. 05° S), Brazil, comprising the pre-harvest burndown of cowpea bean with these herbicides, applied either with 50 or 75% of the pods dry and ready for harvest. As hotter and drier the location as slower the herbicide dissipation. Glyphosate should not be used for pre-harvest burndown of cowpea. Herbicide residues were above the maximum levels stated by the Brazilian legislation when applied with 50% dry pods. Burndown herbicides aiming to speed harvest should be applied with at least 75% dry pods in cowpea to ensure safe herbicide residue levels in grains.

Keywords

ParaquatDiquatGlufosinate-ammoniumGlyphosateFood contaminants
Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 56 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 781 - 793
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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