Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T00:38:32.320Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

COMPARISON OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL GINSENG BED SOILS IN RELATION TO THE INCIDENCE OF GINSENG RED SKIN DISEASE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2013

XING LIU ,
ZHENMING YANG ,
LINGLING GAO ,
WUYAN XIANG ,
BO ZHANG ,
ZHONGLEI XIE  and
JIANGFENG YOU
XING LIU
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
ZHENMING YANG
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
LINGLING GAO
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
WUYAN XIANG
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
BO ZHANG
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
ZHONGLEI XIE
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China College of Environment and Resource, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
JIANGFENG YOU*
Affiliation:
Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
*
‡Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Red skin disease seriously limits the production and quality of Panax ginseng (ginseng) in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China, which is the main origin of ginseng. To cultivate ginseng, the albic and humus horizons of albic luvisols are artificially mixed to produce ginseng bed soils. To clarify the relationship between red skin disease and soil characteristics, red skin disease indices were calculated from six plots located on a ginseng farm. Ginseng roots were analysed for aluminium (Al) content. Soils from the ginseng beds were sampled at three depths for the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters. Al fractionation from the soil solid fraction was analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Ginseng plants exhibiting larger red skin areas accumulated higher concentrations of Al in the epidermis and in the fibrous roots. Ginseng bed soils in the six plots were acidic with pHH2O values ranging from 4.0 to 5.0. Plots exhibiting higher red skin disease indices also had higher bulk densities, moisture contents and nitrate concentrations. They also contained higher concentrations of exchangeable Al, NaOH-extracted Al and ammonium oxalate-oxalic-extracted Al in the bed soils. The Al saturation and molar ratio of base cations to Al were above 20% and below 10, respectively, in the two plots with the highest disease indices. Compact soils with higher moisture, nitrate concentrations and active Al species may increase the incidence of ginseng red skin disease.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 59 - 71
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Álvarez, E., Monterrose, C. and Fernandez Marcos, M. L. (2002). Aluminium fractionation in Galician (NW Spain) forest soils as related to vegetation and parent material. Forest Ecology and Management 166:193–206.Google Scholar
Borggaard, O. K. (1985). Organic matter and silicon in relation to the crystallinity of soil iron oxides. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 35:398–406.Google Scholar
Buurman, P., Van Lagen, B. and Velthorst, E. J. (1996). Manual for Soil and Water Analysis. Leiden, the Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers, 314 pp.Google Scholar
Campeau, C. and Proctor, J. T. A. (2003). Rust-spotted North American ginseng roots: phenolic, antioxidant, ginsenoside, and mineral nutrient content. HortScience 38:179–182.Google Scholar
Cronan, C. S. and Grigal, D. F. (1995). Use of calcium/aluminium ratios as indictors of stress in forest ecosystems. Journal of Environment Quality 24:209–224.Google Scholar
Delhaize, E. and Ryan, P. R. (1995). Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants. Plant Physiology 107:315–321.Google Scholar
Dong, D., Ramsey, M. H. and Thornton, I. (1995). Effects of soil pH on Al availability in soils and its uptake by the soybean plant. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 55:223–230.Google Scholar
Drabek, O., Boruvka, L., Mladkova, L. and Kocarek, M. (2003). Possible method of aluminium speciation in forest soils. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 97:8–15.Google Scholar
FAO. (1998). World Reference Base for Soil Resources. World Soil Resources Report Vol. 84, Rome.Google Scholar
Gao, M., Zhang, Y. Y. and Hai, S. (2011). Research progress on the relationship of iron, manganese and ginseng red coating root disease. Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research 2:63–67 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
García-Rodeja, E., Nóvoa, J. C., Pontevedra, X., Martínez-Cortizas, A. and Buurman, P. (2004). Aluminium fractionation of European volcanic soils by selective dissolution techniques. Catena 56:155–183.Google Scholar
Gillis, N. C. (1997). Panax ginseng pharmacology: a nitric oxide link? Biochemical Pharmacology 54:1–8.Google Scholar
Haynes, R. J. (1990). Active ion uptake and maintenance of cation–anion balance: a critical examination of their role in regulating rhizosphere pH. Plant and Soil 126:247–264.Google Scholar
Hoyt, P. B. and Nyborg, M. (1971). Toxic metals in acid soil: estimation of plant-available Al. Soil Science Society of American Journal 35:236–240.Google Scholar
Hoyt, P. B. and Nyborg, M. (1972). Use of dilute calcium chloride for the extraction of plant-available aluminum and manganese from acid soil. Canada Journal of Soil Science 52:163–167.Google Scholar
Hu, S. Y. (1976). The genus Panax (Ginseng) in Chinese medicine. Economic Botany 30:11–28. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Jilin Province Soil and Fertilizer Department. (1990). Jilin Soils. Beijing: Chinese Agriculture Publisher (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Juo, A. S. and Kamprath, E. J. (1979). Copper chloride as an extractant for estimation the potentially reactive aluminium pool in acid soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 43:35–38.Google Scholar
Kamprath, E. J. (1970). Exchangeable aluminium as a criterion for liming leached mineral soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal 34:252–254.Google Scholar
Kochian, L. V., Pineros, M. A. and Hoekenga, O. A. (2005). The physiology, genetics and molecular biology of plant aluminum resistance and toxicity. Plant and Soil 274:175–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, G. (2009). Study on the Relationship Between Ginseng Red Coating Root Disease and Transformation of Aluminum Species in Albic Ginseng Soil. Master degree Thesis, Jilin University, China (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Li, Z. H., Tian, S. Z., Sun, Y. J., Guo, S. W. and Liu, Z. (1999). Relationship between the genes is of ginseng rust spots and soil ecological conditions. Acta Ecologica Sinica 19:864–869 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Ma, J. F. (2005). Plant root responses to three abundant soil mineral: silicon, aluminum and iron. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 24:267–281.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, H., Hirasawa, E., Morimura, S. and Takahashi, E. (1976). Localization of aluminum in tea leaves. Plant Cell Physiology 17:627–31.Google Scholar
Mombiela, F. A. and Mateo, M. E. (1984). Necesidades de cal para praderas en terrenos ‘a monte’. I. su relación con el aluminio cambiable ensuelos sobre granitos y pizarras de Galicia. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias 25:129–143.Google Scholar
Norman, R. J., Edberg, J. C. and Stucki, J. W. (1985). Determination of nitrate in soil extracts by Dual-wavelength ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Soil Science Society of America Journal 49 (5):1182–1185.Google Scholar
Ofei-Manu, P., Wagatsuma, T., Ishikawa, S. and Tawaraya, K. (2001). The plasma membrane strength of the root-tip cells and root phenolic compounds are correlated with al tolerance in several common woody plants. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 47:359–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osawa, H., Endo, I., Hara, Y., Matsushima, Y. and Tange, T. (2011). Transiet proliferation of proanthocyanidin accumulating cells on the epidermal apex contributes to highly aluminum-resistant root elongation in camphor tree. Plant Physiology 155:433–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peech, L., Alexander, L. T. and Dean, L. A. (1947). Methods of Analysis for Soil Fertility Investigations. USDA, Circ. No. 757.Google Scholar
Posch, M., de Smet, P. A. M., Hettelingh, J. P. and Downing, R. J. (1995). RIVM Report No.259101004.Google Scholar
Pourcel, L., Routaboul, J. M., Cheynier, V., Lepiniec, L. and Debeaujon, I. (2006). Flavonoid oxidation in plants: from biochemical properties to physiological functions. Trends in Plant Science 12 (1):29–36.Google Scholar
Sato, K. and Wakamatsu, T. (2001). Soil solution chemistry in forests with granite bedrock in Japan. Water, Air, Soil Pollution 130:1001–1006.Google Scholar
Sun, Z. and Zhou, Z. Y. (2008). Discussion on the Ginseng's industry development in Jilin province. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science 36 (23):10019–10021 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Theng, B. K. G., Russell, M., Churchman, G. J. and Parfitt, R. L. (1982). Surface properties of allophone, imogolite and halloysite. Clays and Clay Minerals 30:143–149.Google Scholar
Umemura, T., Usami, Y., Aizawa, S. I., Tsunoda, K. I. and Satake, K. I. (2003). Seasonal change in the level and the chemical forms of aluminum in soil solution under a Japanese cedar forest. The Science of the Total Environment 317:149–157.Google Scholar
Xie, Z. K. and Xu, H. L. (1996). The study on ginseng continuous cropping in Changbai mountain area – the report on ginseng soil acidification. Renshen YanJiu 2:31–34 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Yang, D. C., Kim, Y. H., Yun, K. Y., Lee, S. S., Kwon, J. N. and Kang, H. M. (1997). Red-colored phenomena of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer): root and soil environment. Journal of Ginseng Science 21:91–97 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Yang, X. and Xu, M. (2003). Biodiversity conservation in Changbai Moutain Biosphere Reserve, northeastern China: status, problem, and strategy. Biodiversity and Conservation 12:883–903 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Zhang, L. X., Chen, C. B., Wang, Y. P., Xu, S. Q. and Liu, C. (2008). Study on discontinuous cultivating of panax ginseng and its workable solution. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 30 (4):481–485 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Zhao, Y. F. and Li, X. M. (1998). On the damage of Al3+ in soils to ginseng. Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research 3:38–42 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Zhao, Y. F., Li, X. M., Guo, J., Liu, J. F. and Liu, J. R. (2001). Studies on the diagnosis and integrated control of ginseng red coating root disease. Quarterly of Forest By-Product and Speciality in China 1:1–3 (in Chinese).Google Scholar