Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T20:48:20.318Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The changing roles of the university and non-university sectors of higher education in europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2009

Ulrich Teichler
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

For many years, different patterns of the higher education system existed in various European countries. The patterns were not stable in each country, because pressures for upgrading of the ‘less noble’ sector tended to be strong. Altogether, it was justified, however, to characterize the situation in Europe as a ‘persistence of variety’. Many theories helped to explain a coexistence of inclinations for common approaches or specific options of individual countries. Most recently, though, pressures for convergence seem to have grown in Europe. Although the European Union advocates a respect for variety, some countries tend to adapt themselves to anticipated trends. In addition, efforts are undertaken in various European countries to adapt the programmes and institutions to an Anglo-Saxon model in order to preserve or strengthen their position in the wake of internationalization and globalization.

Type
Research Article
Information
European Review , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , October 1998 , pp. 475 - 487
Copyright
Copyright © Academia Europaea 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Huisman, J. (1995) Differentiation, Diversity and Dependency in Higher Education: a Theoretical and Empirical Analysis (Urecht: Lemma).Google Scholar
2.Teichler, U. (1988) Changing Patterns of the Higher Education System (London: Kingsley).Google Scholar
3.Clark, B. R. (1976) The benefits of disorder. Change, 8, 31–37.Google Scholar
4.European Commission (1996) Key Data on Education in the European Union 95 (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).Google Scholar
5.Academic Reforms in the World: Situation and Perspective in the Massification Stage of Higher Education, Hiroshima University, Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima, 1997.Google Scholar
6.Trow, M. (1974) Problems in the transition from elite to mass higher education. Policies for Higher Education edited by OECD (Paris: OECD) pp. 51–101.Google Scholar
7.OECD (1998) Redefining Tertiary Education (Paris: OECD).Google Scholar
8.Hermanns, H., Teichler, U. and Wasser, H. (Eds) (1983) The Compleat University: Break from Tradition in Germany, Sweden and the U.S.A. (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman).Google Scholar
9.OECD (Ed) (1972) Short-Cycle Higher Education: A Search for Identity (Paris: OECD).Google Scholar
10.Cerych, L., Furth, D. and Papadopoulos, G. (1974) Overall issues in the development of future structures of post-secondary education. In OECD (ed.), Policies for Higher Education. Paris: OECD, 1974, pp. 15–50.Google Scholar
11.European Commission (1994) Cooperation in Education in the European Union 1976–1994 (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).Google Scholar
12.Fulton, O. (1996) Differentiation and diversity in a newly unitary system: the case of the UK. In The Mockers and Mocked, edited by Meek, V. L. et al. (Oxford: Pergamon/IAU Press) pp. 163–187.Google Scholar
13.Scott, P. (1996) Unified and binary systems of higher education in Europe. In Goals and Purposes of Higher Education in the 21st Century, edited by Burgen, A. (London and Bristol: Kingsley) pp. 37–54.Google Scholar
14.Mohr, B. (Ed) (1990) Higher Education in the European Community: A Directory of Courses and Institutions in 12 Countries (London: Kogan Page).Google Scholar
15.Jallade, J.-P. (1991) L'ensignement superieur en Europe: Vers une évaluation comparée des premiers cycles (Paris: La Documentation francaise).Google Scholar
16.Jablonska-Skinder, H. and Teichler, U. (1992) Handbook of Higher Education Diplomas in Europe (München: Saur).Google Scholar
17.Diversity of structures for higher education (special issue). Higher Education in Europe, 19, 4.Google Scholar
18.Gellert, C. (Ed) (1995) Diversification of European Systems of Higher Education (Frankfurt a.M.: Lang).Google Scholar
19.Meek, L. F., Goedegebuure, L., Kivinen, O. and Rinne, R. (Eds) (1996) The Mockers and Mocked: Comparative Perspectives on Differentiation, Convergence and Diversity in Higher Education (Oxford: Pergamon/IAU Press).Google Scholar
20.Teichler, U. (1997) Strukturwandel des Hochschulwesens – Konzepte, internationale Erfahrungen und Entwicklungen in Deutschland, Das Hochschulwesen, 45, 150–157.Google Scholar
21.Ministry of Education (1996) Higher Education Policy in Finland (Helsinki: Ministry of Education).Google Scholar
22.Maiworm, F., Sosa, W. and Teichler, U. (1996) The Context of ERASMUS: a Survey of Institutional Management and Infrastructure in Support of Mobility and Co-operation (Kassel: Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Berufs- und Hochschulforschung der Universität Gesamthochschule Kassel).Google Scholar
23.Hennessey, M. A., Lampinen, O., Schröder, T., Sebkova, H., Senényi, J. and Teichler, U. (1998) Tertiary Professional and Vocational Education (TP/VE) in Central and Eastern Europe (Strasbourg and Torino: Council of Europe and European Training Foundation). (in press).Google Scholar
24.Council of Europe (1998) Student Handbook: A Directory of Course and Institutions in Higher Education for 29 Countries which are Non-Members of the European Union (London: Kogan Page).Google Scholar
25.Scott, P. (1997) Structural developments in higher education: the experience of unified systems. Das Hochschulwesen, 45, 133–139.Google Scholar
26.Teichler, U. (1996) Diversity in higher education in Germany: the two-type structure. In The Mockers and Mocked, edited by Meek, V. L. et al. (Oxford: Pergamon/IAU Press) pp. 117–137.Google Scholar
27.Teichler, U., Hartung, D. and Nuthmann, R. (1980) Higher Education and the Needs of Society (Windsor: NFER).Google Scholar
27.Trow, M. (1979) Elite and mass higher education: American models and European realities. In Research into Higher Education: Processes and Structures (Stockholm: National Board of Universities and Colleges) pp. 183–219.Google Scholar
28.Neave, G. (1996) Homogenization, integration and convergence: the Chesire Cats of higher education analysis. In The Mockers and Mocked, edited by Meek, V. L. et al. (Oxford: Pergamon/IAU Press) pp. 26–41.Google Scholar
29.Williams, G. (1985) Graduate employment and vocationalism in higher education. European Journal of Education, 20, 181–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Professionalisation: recent trends in European higher education, (special issue). European Journal of Education, 27, 1–2.Google Scholar
31.Teichler, U., (1988) Convergence or Growing Variety: The Changing Organization of Studies (Strasbourg: Council of Europe).Google Scholar
32.Windolf, P. (1997) Expansion and Structural Change: Higher Education in Germany, the United States, and Japan, 1870–1990 (Boulder, Col.: Westview).Google Scholar
33.van Vught, F. (1996) Isomorphism in higher education? Towards a theory of differentiation and diversity in higher education systems. In the Mockers and Mocked, edited by Meek, V. L. et al. (Oxford: Pergamon/IAU Press) pp. 42–58.Google Scholar
34.Neave, G. (1984) The EEC and Education (Stoke on Trent: Trentham Books).Google Scholar
35.Teichler, U. (1998) Internationalization of higher education: the role of the European Union. In The Globalization of Higher Education (Buckingham: Open University Press).Google Scholar
36.Neave, G. (1997) Nachäffen der Nachbarn oder überzeugt sein von der eigenen Weisheit. Das Hochschulwesen, 45, 139–145.Google Scholar