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Validity of kinematics measures to assess handwriting development and disorders with a graphomotor task

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

C. Lopez ,
A. Cannafarina  and
L. Vaivre-Douret
C. Lopez
Affiliation:
Faculty Of Society And Humanity, Division Psychology, Université de Paris, Paris, France National Institute Of Health And Medical Research (inserm Umr 1018-cesp), Faculty Of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
A. Cannafarina
Affiliation:
National Institute Of Health And Medical Research (inserm Umr 1018-cesp), Faculty Of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
L. Vaivre-Douret*
Affiliation:
National Institute Of Health And Medical Research (inserm Umr 1018-cesp), Faculty Of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France Faculty Of Health, Division Of Medicine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France University Institute Of France, (Institut Universitaire de France, IUF), Paris, France Department Of Child Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-hôpitaux De Paris (ap-hp), Centre, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France Department Of Endocrinology, Imagine Institute, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Handwriting disorder is considered to be one of the major public health problems among school-aged children worldwide. All the scales in the literature use handwriting tasks but it could be interesting to investigate a more accurate assessment of handwriting difficulties before the development and acquisition of handwriting as such.

Objectives

The objective of our study is to examine the validity of a prescriptural task consisting of copying a line of cycloid loops in the diagnosis of handwriting disorders.

Methods

35 children with handwriting disabilities and 331 typically developing right-handed children in primary school, aged 6-11 years old, were included in the study. They performed a copy of a line of cycloid loops, in an ecological setting, with a paper sheet put on the table. The kinematic measures were recorded with a digital pen. A Receiver Operating Characteristic method (ROC curve) was used to determine whether the loops line copy may be a sensitive test to diagnose handwriting disorders.

Results

Six kinematic variables recorded during the prescriptural task were found to be relevant markers of handwriting disorders with a sensibility between 0.743 and 0.880: strokes number, total and effective drawing time, in-air pauses times, loops number, number of peaks velocity.

Conclusions

The graphomotor task of copying a line of cycloid loops showed a good sensitivity to diagnose handwriting disorders and appeared to be a good predictor test, more particularly with the variables reflecting the strokes temporal organization.Drawing loops is a rapid graphomotor task, useful for exploring prerequisites of handwriting in screening for handwriting disorders.

Keywords

handwriting disordershandwriting developmentgraphomotor taskChildren
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S212
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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