Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T04:37:18.608Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Translation and adaptation of the Zung Self- Rating Depression Scale for application in the bilingual Azerbaijani population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

F. Mammadova*
Affiliation:
Baku Psycho-Neurological Dispensary, Baku Azerbaijan
M. Sultanov
Affiliation:
Republic Psychiatric Hospital, Baku Azerbaijan
A. Hajiyeva
Affiliation:
Baku Psycho-Neurological Dispensary, Baku Azerbaijan
M. Aichberger
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Berlin, Germany
A. Heinz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Berlin, Germany
*
*Corresponding Author. E-mail address:[email protected] (F. Mammadova)
Get access

Abstract

Background

A self-reported Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) is recognized as a reliable and valid measure for assessment of depressive symptoms, applicable cross-culturally. The aim of the study was to adapt ZSDS for application in the bilingual Azerbaijani population.

Methods

ZSDS was translated into Azerbaijani and Russian. Two pilot studies on small samples (n = 30 and n = 45) were conducted to improve the scale's acceptability. A readability study was conducted on a bigger sample of depressed subjects (n = 55) and healthy controls (n = 120). Chronbach's alpha for the total scale, item-test correlations, alpha if item deleted, and sensitivity and specificity at various cut-off levels were calculated.

Results

The drop-out rate was 83.3% at the first pilot study due to problems of comprehension of item 5 and culturally unacceptable wording of item 6. After rewording of the items drop-out reduced to 20%. On the reliability study Chronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.8727, and item-test correlations for the most individual items were satisfactory. An optimal cut-off point was 45 points with sensitivity=90.91%, specificity=80.83%.

Conclusions

Adaptation of the Zung Self-Reported Depression Scale improved cultural acceptability of the scale in the context of the Azerbaijani study population.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agrell, B., Dehlin, O.Comparison of six depression rating scales in geriatric stroke patients. Stroke 1989; 20: 11901194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Biggs, J.T., Wilie, L.T., Ziegler, V.E.Validity of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 1978; 132: 381385.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carrell, B.J.Validity of the Zung self-rating scale. Br J Psychiatr 1978; 133: 379380.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Colón de Martí, L.N., Guzmán Yunqué, F.S., Guevara-Ramos, L.M.Early detection of depression using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. P R Health Sci J 1997; 16(4): 375379.Google ScholarPubMed
de Craen, A.J., Heeren, T.J., Gussekloo, J.Accuracy of the 15 - item geriatric scale (GDS-15) in a community sample of the oldest old. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003; 18(1): 6366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crittenden, K., Fugita, S., Bae, H., Lamug, C.Cross-Cultural Study of Self-Report Depressive Symptoms among College Students Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology June 1992; 23(2): 163178.Google Scholar
Dugan, W., McDonald, M.V., Passik, S.D., Rosenfeld, B.D., Theobald, D., Edgerton, S.Use of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in cancer patients: feasibility as a screening tool. Psychooncology 1998; 7(6): 483493.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, V.K., Sacco, W.P.Psychometric evaluation of the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale using an elderly community sample. Psychol Aging 1989; 4(1): 125126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gabrys, J.B., Peters, K.Reliability, discriminant and predictive validity of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Psych Rep 1985; 57: 10911096.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gregory, RJ. The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale as a potential screening tool for use with Eskimos. Hosp. Community Psychiatry.Google Scholar
Kanda, F., Oishi, K., Sekiguchi, K., et al.Characteristics of depression in Parkinson's disease: evaluating with Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2008; 14(1): 1923.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirkby, R., Al Saif, A., el-din Mohamed, G.Validation of an Arabic translation of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Ann Saudi Med. 2005; 25(3): 205208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kugaya, A., Akechi, T., Okuyama, T., Okamura, H., Uchitomi, Y.Screening for psychological distress in Japanese cancer patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1998; 7: 483493.Google Scholar
Martínez, K.G., Guiot, H.M., Casas-Dolz, I., et al.Applicability of the Spanish Translation of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in a general Puerto Rican population. P R Health Sci J. 2003; 22(2): 179185.Google Scholar
Passik, S., Lundberg, J., Rosenfeld, B., et al.Factor Analysis of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in a Large Ambulatory Oncology Sample Psychosomatics 2000; 41: 121127.Google Scholar
Romera, I., Deqado-Cohen, H., Perez, T., et al.Factor analysis of the Zung self-rating depression scale in a large sample of patients with major depressive disorder in primary care. BMC Psychiatry 2008; 14(8): 4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Su, K.P., Chiu, T.H., Huang, C.L., et al.Different cutoff points for different trimesters? The use of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Beck DepressionInventory to screen for depression in pregnant Taiwanese women. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2007; 29(5): 436441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurber, S., Snow, M., Honts, C.R.The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale: convergent validity and diagnostic discrimination. Assessment 2002; 9(4): 401405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turk, D.C., Okifuji, A.Detecting depression in chronic pain patients: adequacy of self-reports. Behav Res Ter. 1994; 32(1): 916.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. Diagnostic Criteria for Research Geneva, 1993;81–7.Google Scholar
Zung, W.W.The role of rating scales in the identification and management of the depressed patient in the primary care setting. J. Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51: 7276.Google ScholarPubMed
Zung, W.W.K.A cross-cultural survey of depressive symptomatology in normal adults. J Cross-Cult Psychol 1972; 3: 177183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zung, W.W.K.A cross-cultural survey of symptoms in depression. Am J Psychiatry 1969; 126: 116121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zung, W.W.K.A self-rating depression scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965; 12: 6370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zung, W.W.K., Richards, C.B., Short, M.J.Self-rating depression scale in an outpatient Clinic Further validation of the SDS. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965; 13: 508515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.