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Time trends in treated incidence, sociodemographic risk factors and comorbidities: a Finnish nationwide study on anxiety disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

P. Khanal ,
T. Ståhlberg ,
T. Luntamo ,
D. Gyllenberg ,
K. Kronström ,
A. Suominen  and
A. Sourander
P. Khanal*
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
T. Ståhlberg
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
T. Luntamo
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
D. Gyllenberg
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
K. Kronström
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
A. Suominen
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
A. Sourander
Affiliation:
University of Turku, Research Center For Child Psychiatry, Turku, Finland
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Anxiety disorders (ADs) are common in childhood and adolescence and global estimates suggest they affect 6.5% of individuals under 19 years of age.Yet, there has been a lack of research on time trends and socio-demographic risks for children and adolescents who receive treatment for ADs.

Objectives

We aim to fill gaps in our knowledge by examining a nationwide sample of Finnish children and adolescents diagnosed in specialized healthcare settings.

Methods

We used register data of all singleton children born in Finland from 1992-2006 and diagnosed with ADs from 1998-2012. Changes in time trends in incidence were studied by dividing the study sample into three cohorts by birth years: 1992-1996, 1997-2001 and 2002-2006. The 22,388 individuals with ADs were matched with 76,139 controls. Nested case-control design was used to study the socio-demographic risk factors.

Results

Comparing the 1992-1996 and 2002-2006 cohorts showed the cumulative incidence of treated ADs at the age of 10 increased from 0.3% to 1.2% (females) and 0.46% to 1.9% (males). Subjects had higher odds of being diagnosed with an AD if mothers had low SES (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.42-1.58) and were single parents (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.84-2.15) at birth. Unipolar depression was the most common psychiatric comorbidity (31.2%).

Conclusions

ADs diagnosed by specialized services increased from 1998-2012 in both genders. This could indicate real increase in overall ADs, an increase in seeking treatment or both phenomena. The findings on maternal socioeconomic status and single parenting help improve understanding of environmental risk for anxiety disorders among children and adolescents.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

Anxiety disorderstreated incidencerisk factorscomorbidities
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S65
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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