A Systematic Review of Suicide Prevention Strategies

Abstract

Background

Suicide is one of the serious problems, which become ten causes of death in the world. An increased risk of suicide groups stimulates researchers to undertake the development of suicide prevention efforts with various approaches.

Objectives

To examine evidence of suicide preventive interventions and to make recommendation for the further programs and research.

Methods

Fifteen identified systematic review articles were taken through an electronic search of the Cochrane library, McMaster health forum, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Suicidology online. They have been published between March 2008 until January 2015, using the keyword “suicide”, “self-harm”, “suicide prevention”, and “systematic review”. Criteria of this review include the type of intervention, intervention category, group intervention and intervention effectiveness.

Results

The intervention was performed using a strategy of promotion, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of the target group of teenagers, sexual perversion, suicide risk groups, such as drug abuse, mental illness patients, a group of health workers and the general public. Effectiveness of therapy has different effects and requires a combination of an intervention strategy with other interventions to obtain optimal results.

Conclusion

The strategies of suicide prevention which were identified by various intervention approaches given to the large population require more stringent controls and difficulty in performing evaluation. Furthermore, pharmacological and psychological therapies are recommended to reduce the suicide rate in more specific setting such as a hospital or mental health clinic.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.