The State of Cognitive Sphere in Patients with Chronic Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract

Introduction

One of the leading problems in the study of cerebral pathology is allocated to the chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and progressive cognitive disorders.

Purpose

To study changes of the cognitive functions in the patients with CCI in relation to its genesis.

Material and Methods

. 237 patients with CCI were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 115 (43,1%) patients with CCI, developed on the basis of arterial hypertension. Group 2 consisted of 122 (5,7%) patients with CCI developed due to cerebral atherosclerosis. Control group included 30 (11,2%) of healthy subjects.

Results

In the control group the parameters of MMSE scale showed the points 29,5±0,1. In the patients of group 1 the points was 21,1±0,3 (P<0,001), in group 2 – 25,1 ± 0,3 (P<0,001). The study of velocity of the sensomotor reactions and attention by Shulte’s table revealed that the time spended in the control group was 31,0±0,4 sec., in the patients of group 1 – 49,4±0,3 sec.(P<0,001), of group 2 – 41,2±0,3 sec (P<0,001). The study of activity of attention and memory showed in the patients of group 1 reduction of findings of the short-term memory by 35,1%, long-term memory by 38,2%, productive memory by 27,7% in comparison with control group. In patients from group 2 short-term memory decreased – by 28,5%, long-term memory – by 24,7%, productive memory – by 22,8%.

Conclusion

The revealed cognitive deficit appeared to be more marked in the patients with CCI of hypertonic genesis in comparison with patients with CCI of atherosclerotic genesis.