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The results of PHQ-9 screening of latvian general population in 2019-2020

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

V.V. Vinogradova*
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry And Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
A. Kivite-Urtane
Affiliation:
Department Of Public Health And Epidemiology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
J. Vrublevska
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry And Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
E. Rancans
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry And Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Under-diagnosis of depression is a concerning problem for Latvia. According to our previous research at least 115 000 new cases have to be diagnosed each year, but the data of National Health Service show that most of the cases remain undiagnosed and untreated.

Objectives

To determine the point prevalence of depressive episode and associated factors in Latvian general population.

Methods

Computer assisted face-to-face interviews were carried out between November 2019 and March 2020 to gather information on a representative sample of the Latvian adult population (n=2687). The study sample was selected using a stratified random sampling method. The participants were interviewed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; a score of ≥10 was defined as indicating the presence of a clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression was applied.

Results

There were 1238 males (46.1%) and 1449 females (53.9%) recruited. Mean age of respondents was 49.9 (SD 18.2). The point prevalence of depressive episode in general population was 6.5% with statistically significant difference between genders: 4.8% in men and 7.7% in women (p=0.02). Lower level of education (p<0.001) and unemployment (p=0.01) were statistically significant associated factors for depressive episode among women. The odds of having depressive episode were higher in male urban dwellers (p=0.03) (but not in the capital city) and in man, who live separately, are divorced or widowed (p=0.004).

Conclusions

Females, especially unemployed women and those with unfinished education, are at particular significant risk of depression, which should be adressed in developing prevention strategy and screening programmes of depression.

Type
Abstract
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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