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Prevalence and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study in a low cardiovascular disease risk geographical area

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

M. Bernardo ,
F. Cañas ,
J.R. Banegas ,
J. Casademont ,
Y. Riesgo ,
C. Varela  and
On behalf of the RICAVA Study Group
M. Bernardo*
Affiliation:
Clinic Schizophrenia Program, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Villarroel 170, Esc 9, 6°Planta, 08036Barcelona, Spain
F. Cañas
Affiliation:
Hospital Dr R. Lafora, Madrid, Spain
J.R. Banegas
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
J. Casademont
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Y. Riesgo
Affiliation:
Medical Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Madrid, Spain
C. Varela
Affiliation:
Medical Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Madrid, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Bernardo).
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Abstract

Objective

Prevalence of cardiovascular disease is high in schizophrenia. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) among schizophrenia patients.

Method

National cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia under treatment with second generation antipsychotics and admitted to short-stay hospitalisation units.

Results

A sample of 733 consecutively admitted patients was enrolled; the most prevalent CVRFs were smoking 71% (95% CI: 67–74%) and hypercholesterolemia 66% (61–70%) followed by hypertriglyceridemia 26% (26–32%), hypertension 18% (15–21%) and diabetes 5% (4–7%). Metabolic syndrome showed 19% (95% CI: 16–23%) prevalence or, according to updated definitions (Clin Cornerstone 7 [2005] 36–45), 24% (95% CI: 20–28%). The rate of patients within the high-risk range of a 10-year fatal cardiovascular event was 6.5%. CVRFs under routine management were diabetes (60%), hypertension (28%) and, to a lesser extent, dyslipemia (14%). Treatment for CVRFs was associated to gender, men for hypertension OR = 25.34, p < 0.03 and women for diabetes OR = 0.02, p < 0.03.

Conclusion

We found that CVRFs in schizophrenia were prevalent and under-diagnosed, and thus with insufficient therapeutic management.

Keywords

Risk factorsSchizophreniaDisease managementPhysical healthComorbidity
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 24 , Issue 7 , October 2009 , pp. 431 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2008

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