P0339 - Metyrapone and Mifepristone reverse memory loss induced by spontaneous Morphine withdrawal in mice

Abstract

Morphine withdrawal leads to an increase in corticosterone concentration in plasma, and cognitive deficits are found, after withdrawal. Evidence indicates that glucocorticoid hormones affect memory. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of metyrapone and mifepristone on memory deficit following spontaneous morphine withdrawal. Memory was experienced by using the object recognition task. Novel object recognition task was carried out in a square wooden open-field apparatus using objects. The test was comprised of three sections; habituation for 15 min, first trial for 12 min and test trial for 5 min. In this learning paradigm, the difference in exploration between a previously seen object and a novel object is taken as an index of memory performance (recognition index, RI). Male mice were made dependent by increasing doses of morphine (30-90 mg/kg) subcutaneously twice daily for three days. RI was assessed 4 hour after the last dose of morphine on the third day. Mifepristone (50,100 mg/kg) and metyrapone (12.5, 25 mg/kg) were used subcutaneously before the first trial and effects were compared with control values. Metyrapone 25 mg/kg, and mifepristone 50mg/kg improved RI to 34.8 ± 10.8 % and 25.4 ± 11.7 % respectively, which are significantly different from control values (RI= -14.8 ± 10.7 %, P< 0.05). These results show that increased glucocorticoid concentration can be involved in memory deficit caused by morphine withdrawal. Therefore metyrapone by inhibiting glucocorticoid formation and mifepristone by inhibiting glucocorticoid receptors can be useful for preventing memory deficit following morphine withdrawal.