Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T02:25:41.610Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Obstetric complications in distinct schizophrenic subgroups

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

G Stöber ,
E Franzek  and
H Beckmann
G Stöber
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Fuechsleinstr 15, G-97080Wuerzburg, Germany
E Franzek
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Fuechsleinstr 15, G-97080Wuerzburg, Germany
H Beckmann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Fuechsleinstr 15, G-97080Wuerzburg, Germany
Get access

Summary

In 55 chronic DSM III-R schizophrenics the occurrence of obstetric complications (OCs) was investigated using the familial/sporadic strategy and Leonhard's unsystematic/systematic distinction. The overall frequency and severity of OCs did not differ between patients and controls. A sub-sample of patients, whose genetic risk was supposed to be high in both classification systems (diagnosis of unsystematic and familial schizophrenia), had significantly fewer OCs than controls on the Lewis and Murray scale (P < 0.05). With reference to previous reports of increased mortality rates in the offspring of schizophrenics, high genetic risk and additional perinatal stressors may increase perinatal mortality. In contrast, patients whose genetic risk was supposed to be low in both systems (diagnosis of systematic and sporadic schizophrenia) showed a trend to an increased frequency of OCs in the Fuchs scale. In the context of the recently reported highly significantly increased rate of maternal infections during midgestation in these patients, it was supposed that perinatal complications may be of some aetiological importance in schizophrenics with low genetic risk.

Keywords

obstetric complicationsschizophreniafamilial-sporadic conceptLeonhard classification
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 8 , Issue 6 , 1993 , pp. 293 - 299
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier, Paris 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed revised. APA Washington DCGoogle Scholar
Arnold, SE, Hyman, BT, van Hoesen, GW, Damasio, AR (1991) Cytoarchitectural abnormalities of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48, 625–632CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckmann, H, Jakob, H (1991) Prenatal disturbances of nerve cell migration factor in functional psychoses? J Neural Transm [Gen Sec] 84, 155–164CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beckmann, H, Franzek, E (1992) Deficit of birthrates in winter and spring months in distinct subgroups of mainly genetically determined schizophrenia. Psychopathology 25, 57–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bracha, HS, Torrey, EF, Gottesman, II, Bigelow, LB, Cunniff, C (1992) Second-trimester markers of fetal size in schizophrenia: a study of monozygotic twins. Am J Psychiatry 149, 1355–1361Google ScholarPubMed
De Lisi, LE, Dauphinais, ID, Gershon, ES (1988) Perinatal complications and reduced size of brain limbic structures in familial schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 14, 185–191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Done, DJ, Johnstone, EC, Frith, CD, Golding, J, Shepherd, PM, Crow, TJ (1991) Complications of pregnancy and delivery in relation to psychosis in adult life: data from the British perinatal mortality survey sample. Br Med J 302, 1576–1581CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eagles, JM, Gibson, I, Bremner, MH, Clunie, F, Ebmeier, KP, Smith, NC (1990) Obstetric complications in DSM III schizophrenics and their siblings. Lancet 335, 1139–1141CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franzek, E, Beckmann, H (1992) Season-of-birth effect reveals the existence of etiologically different groups of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 32, 375–378CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franzek, E, Beckmann, H (1992) Schizophrenia: not a disease entity? A study of 57 long-term hospitalized chronic schizophrenics. Eur J Psychiatry 6, 97–108Google Scholar
Gillberg, C, Wahlström, J, Forsman, A, Hellgren, L, Gillberg, IC (1986) Teenage psychoses - epidemiology, classification and reduced optimality in the pie-, peri- and neonatal periods. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 27, 87–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, R (1988) Are complications of pregnancy and birth causes of schizophrenia? Dev Med Child Neurol 30, 391–395CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanson, DR, Gottesmann, II, Heston, LL (1976) Some possible childhood indicators of adult schizophrenia inferred from children of schizophrenics. Br J Psychiatry 129, 142–154CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, H (1991) Current concepts of hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury in the term newborn. Pediatric Neurol 7,317–325CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacobson, B, Kinney, DK (1980) Perinatal complications in adopted schizophrenics and their controls: preliminary results. Acta Psychiatr Scarnd Suppl 285, 337–348CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jakob, H, Beckmann, H (1986) Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenia. J Neural Transm [Gen Sec] 65, 303–326CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janowsky, JS, Finlay, BL (1986) The outcome of perinatal brain damage: the role of normal neuron loss and axon retraction. Dev Med Child Neurol 28, 375–389CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, KS (1987) The sporadic vs familial classification given aetiological heterogeneity. I. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value. Genet Epidemiol 4, 313–330CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kety, SS, Rosenthal, D, Wender, PH, Schulsinger, F (1968) The types and prevalence of mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics.In: The Transmission of Schizophrenia (Kety, SS, Rosenthal, D, eds). Pergamon Press, Oxford, 345–362Google Scholar
Leonhard, K (1979) The Classification of Endogenous Psychoses. Irvington, NYGoogle Scholar
Leonhard, K (1980) Contradictory issues in the origin of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 136, 437–444CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, SW (1989) Congenital risk factors for schizophrenia. Psychol Med 19,5–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, SW, Murray, RM (1987) Obstetric complications, neurodevelopmental deviance, and risk of schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 21, 413–421CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Machon, RA, Mednick, SA, Schulsinger, F(1987) Seasonality, birth complications and schizophrenia in a high risk sample. Br J Psychiatry 151, 122–124CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNeil, TF (1991) Obstetric complications in schizophrenic parents. Schizophr Res 5, 89–101CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNeil, TF, Kaij, L (1978) Obstetric factors in the development of schizophrenia: complications in the birth of preschizophrenics and in reproduction by schizophrenic parents.In: The Nature of Schizophrenia. (Wynne, LC, Cromwell, RL, Matthysre, S, eds). Wiley, New York, 401–420Google Scholar
Mednick, SA, Machon, RA, Huttunen, MO, Bonett, D (1988) Adult schizophrenia following prenatal exposure to an influenza epidemic. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45,189–192CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modrewsky, K (1980) The offspring of schizophrenic parents in a North Swedish isolate. Clin Genet 17, 191–201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, RM, Reveley, AM (1985) Towards an etiological classification of schizophrenia. Lancet i, 1023–1026CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nimgaonkar, VL, Wessely, S, Murray, RM (1988) Prevalence of familiality, obstetric complications, and structural brain damage in schizophrenic patients. Br J Psychiatry 153, 191–197CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Callaghan, E, Larkin, C, Kinsella, A, Waddington JL, (1990) Obstetric complications, the putative familialsporadic distinction, and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 157, 578–584CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Callaghan, E, Larkin, C, Waddington, JL (1990) Obstetric complications in schizophrenia and the validity of maternal recall. Psychol Med 20, 89–94CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parnas, J, Schulsinger, F, Teasdale, TW, Schulsinger, H, Feldman, PM, Mednick, SA (1992) Perinatal complications and clinical outcome within the schizophrenia spectrum. Br J Psychiatry 140, 416–420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearlson, GD, Garbacz, DJ, Moberg, PJ, Ahn, HS, De Paulo, JR (1985) Symptomatic, familial, perinatal, and social correlates of computerized axial tomography (CAT) changes in schizophrenics and bipolars. J Nerv Ment Dis 173, 42–50CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, R, Mukherjee, S, Schnur, DB, Chin, J, Degreef, G (1990) History of obstetric complications, family history, and CT-scan findings in schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Res 3, 311–314CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rieder, RO, Rosenthal, D, Wender, P, Blumenthal, H (1975) The offspring of schizophrenics. Fetal and neonatal deaths. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32, 200–211CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roberts, GW (1991) Schizophrenia: a neurophatological perspective. Br J Psychiatry 158, 8–17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roth, SC, Edwards, A, Cady, EB, Delpy, DT, Wyatt, JS, Azzopardi, D, Baudin, J, Townsend, J, Stewart, AL, Reynolds, EOR (1992) Relation between cerebral oxidative metabolism following birth asphyxia, and neurodevelopmental outcome and brain growth. Dev Med Child Neurol 34, 285–295CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwarzkopf, SB, Nasrallah, HA, Olson, SC, Coffman, JA, McLaughlin, JA (1989) Perinatal complications and genetic loading in schizophrenia: preliminary findings. Psychiatry Res 27, 233–239CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stóber, G, Franzek, E, Beckmann, H (1992) The role of maternal infectious diseases during pregnancy in the etiology of schizophrenia in the offspring. Eur Psychiatry 7 147–152Google Scholar
Tilley, BC, Barnes, AB, Bergstrath, E, Labarthe, D, Noller, KL, Colton, T, Adam, E (1985) A comparison of pregnancy history recall and medical records: implications for retrospective studies. Am J Epidemiology 121, 269–281CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, SW, Toone, KB, Brett-Jones, JR (1986) Computerized tomographic scan changes in early schizophrenia — preliminary findings. Psychol Med 16, 219–225CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilcox, JA, Nasrallah, HA (1987) Perinatal distress and prognosis of psychotic illness. Neuropsychobiology 17, 173–175CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watson, CG, Kucala, T, Angulski, G, Vassar, Ρ (1987) The relationship of anhedonia and the process-reactive dimension to season of birth and infectious disease incidence in schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 175, 34–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woerner, MG, Pollack, M, Klein, DF (1973) Pregnancy and birth complications in psychiatric patients: a comparison of schizophrenic and personality disorder patients with their siblings. Acta Psychiatr Scand 49, 712–721CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wrede, G, Mednick, SA, Huttunen, MO, Nilsson, CG (1980) Pregnancy and delivery complications in the birth of an unselected series of Finnish children with schizophrenic mothers. Acta Psychiatr Scand 62, 369–381CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.