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Neurobiological Correlates of Learning and Decision-making in Alcohol Dependence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

M. Sebold ,
S. Nebe ,
M. Garbusow ,
D. Schad ,
C. Sommer ,
M. Rapp ,
M. Smolka ,
Q. Huys ,
F. Schlagenhauf  and
A. Heinz
M. Sebold
Affiliation:
Charité - Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
S. Nebe
Affiliation:
TU Dresden, System Neuroscience, Dresden, Germany
M. Garbusow
Affiliation:
Charité - Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
D. Schad
Affiliation:
University of Potsdam, Sport - und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Potsdam, Germany
C. Sommer
Affiliation:
TU Dresden, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
M. Rapp
Affiliation:
University of Potsdam, Sport - und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Potsdam, Germany
M. Smolka
Affiliation:
TU Dresden, System Neuroscience, Dresden, Germany
Q. Huys
Affiliation:
ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Zurich, Switzerland
F. Schlagenhauf
Affiliation:
Charité - Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
A. Heinz
Affiliation:
Charité - Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany

Abstract

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The mesolimbic dopaminergic system has been implicated in two kinds of reward processing, one in reinforcement learning (e.g prediction error) and another in incentive salience attribution (e.g. cue-reactivity). Both functions have been implicated in alcohol dependence with the former contributing to the persistence of chronic alcohol intake despite severe negative consequences and the latter playing a crucial role in cue-induced craving and relapse. The bicentric study “Learning in alcohol dependence (LeAD)” aims to bridge a gap between these processes by investigating reinforcement learning mechanisms and the influence that Pavlovian cues exert over behavior. We here demonstrate that alcohol dependent subjects show alterations in goal-directed, model-based reinforcement learning (Sebold et al., 2014) and demonstrate that prospective relapsing patients show reductions in the medial prefrontal cortex activation during goal-directed control. Moreover we show that in alcohol dependent patients compared to healthy controls, Pavlovian cues exert pronounced control over behavior (Garbusow et al., 2016). Again, prospective relapsing patients showed increased Nucleus accumbens activation during these cue-induced responses. These findings point to an important role of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system as a predictor of treatment outcome in alcohol dependence.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Type
Symposium: From prediction errors to disorders of compulsivity: A computational framework
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 41 , Issue S1: Abstract of the 25th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2017 , pp. S11
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2017
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