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Mindfulness-based group therapy for inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders – feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a rater-blinded randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

K. Böge ,
I.M. Hahne ,
N. Bergmann ,
M. Zierhut ,
T.M.T. Ta ,
K. Wingenfeld ,
M. Bajbouj  and
E. Hahn
K. Böge
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
I.M. Hahne*
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
N. Bergmann
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
M. Zierhut
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
T.M.T. Ta
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
K. Wingenfeld
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
M. Bajbouj
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
E. Hahn
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

The therapeutic effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) has been shown for various mental disorders. However, for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), only a few trials have been conducted, mostly in outpatient settings.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a four-week mindfulness-based group therapy (MBGT) for in-patients with SSD.

Methods

A pre-registered randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at the in-patient ward for SSD. All measures were employed at baseline, post-intervention (4-weeks), and follow-up (12-weeks). The primary outcome was ‘mindfulness’. Secondary outcomes were rater-blinded positive- and negative symptoms, depression, social functioning, as well as self-rated mindfulness, depression, anxiety, psychological flexibility, quality of life, and medication regime.

Results

N=40 participants were randomized into either four-week treatment-as-usual (TAU; n=19) or MBGT+TAU (n = 21). Protocol adherence was 95.2%, and the retention rate to treatments was 95%. ANCOVA analysis revealed significant improvements in the MBGT+TAU compared to TAU for the primary outcome and negative symptoms. Exploratory analyses showed medium-to-large intervention effects on secondary outcomes mindfulness, positive, negative, and depressive symptoms, psychological flexibility, quality of life, and social functioning for MBGT+TAU and small-to-moderate changes on positive symptoms and social functioning for TAU. No serious adverse effects were reported.

Conclusions

This study supports the feasibility and acceptability of MBGT for in-patients with SSD, including high protocol adherence and retention rates. A proof of concept of the MBIs and corresponding improvements on various clinical and process parameters warrant a fully powered RCT to determine effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and longitudinal outcomes of MBGT for SSD.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

randomized controlled trialSchizophrenia spectrum disordersmindfulnesspsychotherapy
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S805 - S806
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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