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Microbiome-metabolomics signature in anorexia nervosa (AN) before and after weight regain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

F. Marciello ,
A.M. Monteleone ,
J. Troisi ,
G. Cascino ,
G. Serena ,
R. Dalle Grave  and
P. Monteleone
F. Marciello*
Affiliation:
Department Of Medicine, Surgery And Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi/Salerno, Italy
A.M. Monteleone
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
J. Troisi
Affiliation:
(ebris), European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
G. Cascino
Affiliation:
Department Of Medicine, Surgery And Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi/Salerno, Italy
G. Serena
Affiliation:
Mucosal Immunology And Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
R. Dalle Grave
Affiliation:
Department Of Eating And Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda/Verona, Italy
P. Monteleone
Affiliation:
Department Of Medicine, Surgery And Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi/Salerno, Italy
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

The intestinal microbiota has been indicated to have a role in the pathophysiology of AN.

Objectives

Aim of this study was to analyze fecal microbiome profiles of AN women before and after weight restoration and to combine them with fecal metabolomic profiles according to a multi-omics approach.

Methods

The gut microbiome and fecal metabolites were characterized in 21 underweight AN women and after weight restoration and compared with those of 20 healthy women. Microbiome data were correlated with the relevant fecal metabolites.

Results

AN subjects showed a decreased intra-individual bacterial richness, an increased Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes abundance ratio and significant changes in the relative abundances of several bacteria at different order levels in both the underweight and weight-restored condition compared to healthy women. The untargeted metabolomic procedure allowed the characterization of 224 metabolites involved in energy, lipid and amino acid metabolism. A genetic algorithm identified 49 relevant metabolites. The relationships among these fecal metabolites and bacteria genera showed structures of different complexity in the 3 groups. In particular, a quarter of those relationships showed a divergent direction in the acute phase of AN than in the weight-restored phase or normal controls. Finally, in acute AN 70% of those correlations showed a negative sign suggesting a prevalent metabolites consummation by gut microbiome.

Conclusions

Our results provide a picture of the connections between gut bacteria and fecal metabolites in both the acute phase of AN and after short-term weight restoration. Further studies should aim to investigate the significance of gut microbiome perturbations in development and treatment of AN.

Keywords

anorexia nervosaGut Microbiotaeating disordersMetabolomic
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S352
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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