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Lifetime antipsychotic use and brain structures in schizophrenia and other psychoses – 43-year study of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

S. Huhtaniska ,
I. Korkala ,
T. Heikka ,
J. Tohka ,
J. Manjon ,
P. Coupe ,
J. Remes ,
J. Moilanen ,
V. Kiviniemi  and
L. Björnholm
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S. Huhtaniska*
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland
I. Korkala
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland
T. Heikka
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland
J. Tohka
Affiliation:
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Department of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering, Madrid, Spain
J. Manjon
Affiliation:
Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas, Valencia, Spain
P. Coupe
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique, Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS UMR 5800, PICTURA Research Group351, cours de la LibérationTalence, France
J. Remes
Affiliation:
Oulu University Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu, Finland
J. Moilanen
Affiliation:
Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Oulu, Finland
V. Kiviniemi
Affiliation:
Oulu University Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu, Finland
L. Björnholm
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland
M. Isohanni
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Oulu, Finland
J. Veijola
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Oulu, Finland
G. Murray
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, United Kingdom University of Cambridge, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
E. Jääskeläinen
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Oulu, Finland
J. Miettunen
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Research Unit for Clinical Neurosciences, Oulu, Finland University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Oulu, Finland
*
* Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

The effects of long-term antipsychotic medication use on structural brain changes in psychoses are still unknown. Severity and duration of illness are key confounders when evaluating antipsychotic effects on brain morphology.

Objectives

Understanding the role of antipsychotic medication on brain morphology in psychoses.

Aims

To analyze whether cumulative lifetime or current antipsychotic medication dose relates to brain morphology in schizophrenia and other psychoses at age of 43 years.

Methods

Forty-four schizophrenia cases and 35 with other psychoses from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 were scanned on a 1.5T GE Signa scanner and brain structures were extracted using volBrain automated volumetry system (http://volbrain.upv.es). Data of antipsychotic medication were collected from medical records and interviews. We used linear regression model to analyze the effect of antipsychotic medication on brain volumes and used intracranial volume and onset age as covariates. We also performed additional analyses adding psychotic symptoms (PANSS Total score) as a covariate.

Results

Higher lifetime and current dose associated to left lateral ventricle increase (b = 0.33, P = 0.033; b = 0.307, P = 0.042, respectively) and right and left accumbens decrease (b = −0.405, P = 0.013, b = −0.404, P = 0.010; b = −0.302, P = 0.027, b = −0.282, P = 0.036, respectively) in schizophrenia but not in other psychoses. When PANSS was added to the model, the findings remained regarding right and left accumbens, but not regarding left lateral ventricle.

Conclusions

It seems that antipsychotic medication affects the brain in schizophrenia, but not in the heterogeneous group of other psychoses. In schizophrenia, brain changes associated to antipsychotic medication cannot be explained by illness duration or symptom severity.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Type
FC73
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 33 , Issue S1: Abstracts of the 24th European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2016 , pp. S100 - S101
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016
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