Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T12:41:45.307Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The ICD-10 and DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and the prevalence of schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

E Lindström ,
B Widerlöv  and
L von Knorring
E Lindström
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
B Widerlöv
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
L von Knorring
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
Get access

Summary

In the present study, all patients who met the diagnostic criteria for a long-term functional psychosis (LFP) were identified within a defined uptake area in the northern part of the county of Uppsala, Sweden. LFP includes patients 1) with productive psychotic symptomatology, not caused by organic disease, for 1 week or more, at least once during the course of the illness; 2) having been affected by a psychosis for a continuous period of at least 6 months on the same occasion; 3) having shown psychotic features or residual symptoms during the index year; and 4) older than 18 years of age. Primarily, all diagnoses were made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-III-R. The prevalence of schizophrenia was 4.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. The prevalence of schizoaffective disorder was 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitants and for delusional disorder, 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitants. When the patients were rediagnosed according to DSM-III, DSM-IV and International Statistical Classification of Disease (ICD)-10, it was found that the prevalence of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder was somewhat lower according to the DSM-III criteria, while the same number of patients fulfilled the criteria according to DSM-IV. If ICD-10 was used, it resulted in a broader concept of schizophrenia and a somewhat more narrow concept of schizoaffective disorder. Thus, the introduction of the new parallel diagnostic systems, ICD-10 and DSM-IV, will result in different, but comparable, prevalence estimates concerning schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder.

Keywords

schizophreniaprevalenceICD-10DSM-III-RDSM-IV
Type
Original articles
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 12 , Issue 5 , 1997 , pp. 217 - 223
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association, APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1st ed (DSM-I)Washington, DC: APA, 1952Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association, APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2nd ed (DSM-II)Washington, DC: APA, 1968Google Scholar
American Psychiatrie Association, APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd ed (DSM-III)Washington, DC: APA, 1980Google Scholar
American Psychiatrie Association, APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd ed (DSM-III-R)Washington, DC: APA, 1987Google Scholar
American Psychiatrie Association, APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed (DSM-IV)Washington, DC: APA, 1994Google Scholar
Bebbington, P, Kuipers, L. Social management of schizophrenia. Br J Hosp Med 1982; 28: 396–403Google ScholarPubMed
Böök, JAA genetic and neuropsychiatrie investigation of North Swedish population. Acta Genet (Basel) 1954; 4: 1Google Scholar
Böök, JA, Wetterberg, L, Modrzewski, K. Schizophrenia in a north Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry. Clin Genetics 1978; 14: 373–39410.1111/j.1399-0004.1978.tb02105.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borgå, P, Widerlöv, B, Stefansson, CG, Cullberg, J. Social conditions in total population with long-term functional psychosis in three different areas of Stockholm County. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992; 85: 465–47310.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb03213.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockington, IFThe diagnosis of schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychoses In: Hirsch, SRBradley, PB eds. Pharmacology and Drug Treatment in Schizophrenia Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986; 166–200Google Scholar
Castle, DJ, Murray, RM. The epidemiology of late-onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1941993 691–70010.1093/schbul/19.4.691CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deniker, P. The neuroleptics: a historical survey. Acta Psychiatr Scand 82suppl 3581990 83–8710.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05295.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dening, TR, Berrios, GE. Wilson's disease: psychiatric symptoms in 195 cases. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 1126–113410.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120068011CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamilton, MSchizophrenia in the history of mankind In: Cazzulo, CLInvemezzi, G eds. Schizophrenia. An integrated view 6 London: John Libbey & Co Ltd, Biological Psychiatry, New Prospects, 1985; 40–43Google Scholar
Harris, MJ, Jeste, DV. Late-onset schizophrenia: an overview. Schizophr Bull 1988; 14: 39–5510.1093/schbul/14.1.39CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keck, PE, Pope, HG, Cohen, BM, McElroy, SL, Nierenberg, AA. Risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 914–91810.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810100056011CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kristjansson, E, Allebeck, P, Wistedt, B. Validity of the diagnosis schizophrenia in a psychiatric inpatient register. A retrospective application of DSM-UJ criteria on ICD-8 diagnoses in Stockholm county. Nord J Psychiatry 1987; 41: 229–234Google Scholar
Larsson, T, Sjögren, T. A methodological psychiatric and statistical study of a large Swedish rural population. Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 29S891954 1–250Google Scholar
Lehman, AF, Babigian, HM, Reed, SK. The epidemiology of treatment for chronic and non-chronic mental disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 1984; 172: 658–66610.1097/00005053-198411000-00004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leff, JPsychiatry around the Globe: A Transcultural View New York: Marcel Dekker, 1981Google Scholar
Lindström, E, Öhlund, L, Lindström, L, Öhman, A. Symptomatology and electrodermal activity as predictors of neuroleptic response in young male schizophrenic inpatients. Psychiatry Res 1992; 42: 145–15810.1016/0165-1781(92)90078-HCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maser, JD, Kaelber, C, Weise, R. International use and attitudes toward DSM-IJJ and DSM-HJ-R: growing consensus in psychiatric classification. J Abnorm Psychol 1991; 100: 271–27910.1037/0021-843X.100.3.271CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mowry, BJ, Lennon, DP, De Felice, CN. Diagnosis of schizophrenia in a matched sample of Australian aborigines. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994; 90: 337–34110.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01603.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peuskens, JThe Risperidone Study Group. Risperidone in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients: a multinational, multi-centre, double-blind, parallel-group study versus haloperidol. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 166: 712–72610.1192/bjp.166.6.712CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SCAN, Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992Google Scholar
Scheper-Hughes, N. Dilemmas in deinstitutionalization — a view from inner Boston. Boston J Operational Psychiatry 1981; 12: 90–99Google Scholar
Schneider, KClinical Psychopathology Hamilton, MVNew York: Grune and Statton, 1959Google Scholar
Seeman, M. Interaction of sex, age and neuroleptic dose. Compr Psychiatry 1983; 24: 125–12810.1016/0010-440X(83)90100-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smulevitch, AB. Sluggish schizophrenia and the modern classification of mental illness. Schizophr Bull 1989; 15: 533–53910.1093/schbul/15.4.533CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torrey, EF. Prevalence studies in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1987; 150: 598–60810.1192/bjp.150.5.598CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warner, RRecovery from Schizophrenia Psychiatry and Political Economy London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985Google Scholar
World Health Organization, WHO Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death 9th revision (ICD-9)Geneva: WHO, 1978Google Scholar
World Health Organization, WHO The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th revision (ICD-10)Geneva: WHO, 1992Google Scholar
World Health Organization, WHO The ICD-I0 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Diagnostic criteria for research Geneva: WHO, 1993Google Scholar
Widerlöv, B. Långvarig funktionell psykos — epidemiologi, vårdutnyttjande och sociala förhåallanden i tre demografiskt skilda områden. Licentiatuppsats i socialt arbete 1990Google Scholar
Widerlöv, B, Borgå, P, Cullberg, J, Stefansson, C-G, Lindqvist, G. Epidemiology of long-term functional psychosis in three different areae in Stockholm County. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989; 80: 40–4610.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb01298.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Widerlöv, B, Lindström, E, von Knorring, L. One year prevalence of long-term functional psychosis in three different areas in the northern County of Uppsala. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1986Google Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.