Health anxiety in patients with depression with somatic symptoms and psychodermatological disorders

Abstract

Introduction

As significance of medically unexplained symptoms increases in general practice it is important to discuss psychopathological comorbidity regarding the impact of health anxiety indicating sufferers excessive care use.

Objectives

To study the impact of health anxiety in depression with somatic symptoms.

Methods

50 patients with depression with somatic symptoms compared to 79 patients with psychodermatological disorders with complaints of pathological skin sensations completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI). The Mann-Whitney U-Test was applied. The psychosemantic method “Classification of sensations” was used to differentiate patients’ bodily experience. Factor analysis was performed.

Results

Scores on HADS-anxiety and SHAI were significantly higher in depression (U=645, p=0.009; U=89.5; p=0.036), although there were no significant differences on HADS-depression. Factor analysis showed a polarization of bodily experience categories in depression as the first factor (38% of total variance) included negative emotions with somatic sensations of exhaustion and the second factor (10% of total variance) included pleasant sensations and positive emotions with the negative sign of factor loadings. In psychodermatological disorders the first factor (31% of total variance) was quite similar, however the second factor (12% of total variance) included skin and general somatic sensations illustrating the higher concern with somatic symptoms.

Conclusions

Higher health anxiety in depression with somatic symptoms compared to psychodermatological disorders (more concerned with bodily experience) could be associated with patients’ complaints of emotional state indicating differences in psychological mechanisms. The research was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research with the Grant 20-013-00799.