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Examining the association between exposome score for schizophrenia and cognition in schizophrenia, siblings, and healthy controls: Findings from the EUGEI study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

L. Fusar-Poli ,
G. Investigators ,
J. van Os ,
B. P. Rutten ,
S. Guloksuz  and
E.-G.-W. 6. Investigators
L. Fusar-Poli*
Affiliation:
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
G. Investigators
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht
J. van Os
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
B. P. Rutten
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht
S. Guloksuz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
E.-G.-W. 6. Investigators
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are frequently associated with disturbances in both neurocognition and social cognition. The patoetiology of SSD derives from a complex interaction between genes and environment. Exposome score for schizophrenia (ES-SCZ) is a cumulative environmental exposure score for schizophrenia which have shown potential utility in risk stratification and outcome prediction.

Objectives

To investigate whether ES-SCZ is associated with cognition in patients with SSD, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls.

Methods

The present cross-sectional study included 1141 patients with SSD, 1332 unaffected siblings, and 1495 healthy controls, recruited in the Netherlands, Spain, Serbia, and Turkey. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used to evaluate neurocognition, while the Degraded Facial Emotion Recognition (DFAR) task was used to assess social cognition. ES-SCZ was calculated based on our previously validated method. Associations between ES-SCZ and cognitive domains were analyzed by applying regression models in each group (patients, siblings, and controls), adjusted by age, sex, and country.

Results

According to our preliminary analyses, no significant associations were found between ES-SCZ and cognition in patients with SSD. ES-SCZ was negatively associated with WAIS in unaffected siblings (B=−0.40, p=0.03) and controls (B=-0.63, p=0.004) and positively associated with DFAR in siblings (B=0.83, p=0.004). No significant association between ES-SCZ and DFAR was found in healthy controls.

Conclusions

Our findings show that neurocognition and social cognition are oppositely associated with ES-SCZ. Longitudinal studies may clarify whether there is a cause-effect relationship between ES-SCZ and cognition. Further research should investigate whether ES-SCZ interacts with molecular genetic risk for schizophrenia to improve clinical chcracterization and outcome prediction in people with SSD.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S445
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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