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Effect of seasonality, climatic and temporal factors on suicide attempts amongst patients from southern tunisia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

M. Tfifha ,
W. Abbes ,
W. Mahdhaoui ,
A. Kerkeni ,
M. Dhemaid ,
I. Rejeb  and
L. Ghanmi
M. Tfifha*
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, regional hospital of gabes, gabes, Tunisia
W. Abbes
Affiliation:
The Department Of Psychiatry, Hospital of gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
W. Mahdhaoui
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, regional hospital of gabes, gabes, Tunisia
A. Kerkeni
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, regional hospital of gabes, gabes, Tunisia
M. Dhemaid
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, regional hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
I. Rejeb
Affiliation:
Emergency Department, Hospital of gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
L. Ghanmi
Affiliation:
The Department Of Psychiatry, Hospital of gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Seasonal changes, climatic factors such as temperature, sunlight intensity and precipitations as well as temporal factors seem to have an influence on suicidal behavior.

Objectives

Our study aimed to analyse the association between seasonal changes, climatic variations, temporal factors and suicide attempts.

Methods

A retrospective descriptive and analytical study was undertaken including all patients consulting for the first time at Gabes psychiatry department from the 4th March 2009 to the 25th September 2020 for suicidal attempt. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as suicidal attempts’ characteristics were assessed. Meteorologic data, related to the years 2009 through 2020, were obtained from the official weather website of Tunisia.

Results

278 patients were collected, including 217 female. Mean age was 26. Suicidal patients were unmarried (75.9%), childless (79.1%) and unemployed (47.5%). Results showed that suicidal attempts occurred most frequently in summer (32.5%) specifically in June and July (10.9% for each). Regarding the distribution of suicide attempts over the days of the week, the highest rate was observed on Monday (22.5%) and the lower one on Friday. There were a correlation between high temperature and suicide attempt by hanging (p=0.006), between days of sunlight and manifestations preceding the suicidal attempt (p=0.04) and between rainfall and anxiety disorder leading to suicidal attempt (p=0.03).We finded also an association between the summer and risk behavior such as runaways (p=0.024).

Conclusions

A better identification of seasonality, climatic and temporal factors in suicidal behavior could allow a better prevention in suicidal attempts and a reduction in death by suicide

Keywords

Suicide preventiontemporal factorsclimatic factorsSuicide attempts
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S587
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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