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Development of human brain neuroimmune system under influence of alcohol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

T. Shushpanova ,
A. Solonskii ,
S. Shumilova ,
O. Shushpanova  and
N. Bokhan
T. Shushpanova*
Affiliation:
Mental Health Research Institute of Tomsk National Investigation MedicalCenter of Russian Academy of Sciences, Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology And Neurobiology, Tomsk, Russian Federation
A. Solonskii
Affiliation:
Mental Health Research Institute of Tomsk National Investigation MedicalCenter of Russian Academy of Sciences, Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology And Neurobiology, Tomsk, Russian Federation
S. Shumilova
Affiliation:
Siberian State Medical University, Histology, Embryology And Cytology, Tomsk, Russian Federation
O. Shushpanova
Affiliation:
Mental Health Research Centre, Department Of Childhood Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
N. Bokhan
Affiliation:
Siberian State Medical University, Department Of Psychiatry, Narcology And Psychotherapy,, Tomsk, Russian Federation Mental Health Research Institute Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russia Academy of Science, , Department Of Addictive States, Tomsk, Russian Federation Siberian State Medical University, Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy, Tomsk, Russian Federation
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Exposure to alcohol causes imbalances in neuroimmune function and impaired brain development.

Objectives

Alcohol activates neuroimmune molecules, expressed and secreted by glial cells in the brain, alter neuronal function and stimulate alcoholic behavior.

Methods

The study involved women aged 25-41 years-did not drink alcohol 1 month before and during pregnancy – 1-st group; women with I-II degree of alcoholism 3-13 years – 2-nd group. Embryonic material were obtained 8-15 weeks of igestation. 2-nd group were divided into subgroups. Group Alcohol (A)-alcoholic women,s embrious, included 2 subgroups: A1-embryos 8-9 weeks, A2-10-11 weeks of gestation (n=12). The Control group (K) includ control samples K1-8–9, K2-10-11 weeks (n=14). The analysis of changes in morphometric parameters was used to identify quantitative changes among glioblasts, correlation between the degree of differentiation components and the degree of influence of alcohol. For this, the program AxioVision 4.8 was used Parameters of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors were studied by the radio-receptor assay of [3H]-flunitrazepam with synaptoneurosomes.

Results

Changes in glioblasts tof human brain embryos and fetuses were revealed under conditions of chronic prenatal alcoholization with an increase in gestational age compared to the control subgroups: a significant increase in the average number of glioblasts, the length of the perimeters of the presynaptic terminal, postsynaptic density, presynaptic terminal areas were significantly less (p<0, 01) in the study group than in the control. Exposure to ethanol reduces the affinity of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors, which affects neuronal plasticity associated with the development of glioblasts and neuroblasts during embryogenesis.

Conclusions

Changes in microglial cause disruption of the neuronal activity

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

embryogenesisneuroimmune systembrainalcoholglioblastGABAA receptorsynapse
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S639 - S640
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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