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Associations of maternal smoking during pregnancy with academic performance in adolescent offspring: findings from a registry data-based cohort study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

G. Ayano ,
B. Dachew ,
K. Betts  and
R. Alati
G. Ayano*
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
B. Dachew
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
K. Betts
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
R. Alati
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Emerging epidemiological data have indicated associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and a range of negative outcomes in children. Nevertheless, there is scant evidence reporting adverse effects on lower academic performance during adolescence.

Objectives

To examine the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of lower academic performance in adolescent children.

Methods

Data were obtained from the New South Wales (NSW) Perinatal Data Collection, which included all live births in the Australian state of NSW from January 2003 to December 2005. This was linked with NSW admitted data collection and National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). A total of 168, 528 mother-offspring pairs were involved in the final analysis. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was assessed using self-reports of smoking during pregnancy. NAPLAN was used to assess the educational performance of the offspring. A logistic regression model was used to explore the association.

Results

The findings show that exposure to cigarette smoke in utero was associated with an increased risk of poor academic performance in adolescent offspring in all domains, including numeracy [OR, 2.43 (95%CI 2.30-2.58)], reading [OR, 2.49 (95%CI 2.37-2.62)], writing [OR, 2.97 (95%CI 2.84-3.11)] and spelling [OR, 3.12 (95%CI 2.98-3.26)]. In our sensitivity analysis by gender, maternal smoking during pregnancy demonstrated stronger effects on the academic achievements of females in all domains.

Conclusions

The results show that exposure to cigarette smoke in utero was associated with an increased risk of lower educational achievements in adolescent children with greater effects in female than male children in all domains. The findings suggest the potential for targeted screening and early intervention of academic performance in exposed offspring.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S58
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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