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Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: A case report

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

H.L. Tan*
Affiliation:
National Addiction Management Service, Institute of mental heath, Singapore, Singapore

Abstract

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Introduction

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDA-R) encephalitis is well-characterised autoimmune encephalitis with prominent psychiatric manifestations, neurological manifestations like speech dysfunction, seizures, dyskinesias and other movement abnormalities, decreased level of consciousness and autonomic instability. This disorder affects primarily children and adults up to 45 years. Females are 4 times more common than males and may have association with ovarian teratoma.

Objectives

To identify anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis based on clinical features, facilitate early screening and relevant investigations to prevent delay in treatment.

Methods

A case study of 36 year old female presented with clinical manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis syndrome.

Results

Diagnosis confirmed by presence of NMDA receptor antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

Conclusions

Early recognition of clinical features of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and early initiation of treatment has shown to improve outcomes, speed recovery and reduce the risk of relapses.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Type
Abstract
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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