Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T11:40:02.503Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Maudsley Early Onset Schizophrenia Study: The effect of age of onset and illness duration on fronto-parietal gray matter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

L. Burke
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Services, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, Denmark Hill, LondonSE5 8AZ, UK Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis (P066), Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, LondonSE5 8AF, UK
C. Androutsos
Affiliation:
Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis (P066), Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, LondonSE5 8AF, UK
J. Jogia
Affiliation:
Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis (P066), Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, LondonSE5 8AF, UK
P. Byrne
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Services, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, Denmark Hill, LondonSE5 8AZ, UK
S. Frangou*
Affiliation:
Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis (P066), Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, LondonSE5 8AF, UK
*
Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +44 20 78480903. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Frangou).
Get access

Abstract

Objective

In Early Onset Schizophrenia (EOS; onset before the 18th birthday) late brain maturational changes may interact with disease mechanisms leading to a wave of back to front structural changes during adolescence. To further explore this effect we examined the relationship between age of onset and duration of illness on brain morphology in adolescents with EOS.

Subjects and methods

Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from 40 adolescents with EOS. We used Voxel Based Morphometry and multiple regressions analyses, implemented in SPM, to examine the relationship between gray matter volume with age of onset and illness duration.

Results

Age of onset showed a positive correlation with regional gray matter volume in the right superior parietal lobule (Brodmann Area 7). Duration of illness was inversely related to regional gray matter volume in the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 11/47).

Conclusions

Parietal gray matter loss may contribute to the onset of schizophrenia while orbitofrontal gray matter loss is associated with illness duration.

Type
Original article
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed.Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994.Google Scholar
Annett, M.A classification of hand preference by association analysis. Br J Psychol 1970;61:303321.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashburner, J.Friston, K.J.Unified segmentation. Neuroimage 2005;26:839851.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Behrmann, M.Geng, J.J.Shomstein, S.Parietal cortex and attention. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2004;14:212217.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blakemore, S.J.Frith, C.D.Self-awareness and action. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2003;13:219224.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brett, M.The MNI brain and the Talairach atlas. MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit http://www.mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk/Imaging/Common/mnispace.shtml. 1999.Google Scholar
Cannon, M.Caspi, A.Moffitt, T.E.Harrington, H.Taylor, A.Murray, R.M.et al.Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59:449456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, M.Jones, P.Huttunen, M.O.Tanskanen, A.Huttunen, T.Rabe-Hesketh, S.et al.School performance in Finnish children and later development of schizophrenia: a population-based longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:457463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, T.D.Thompson, P.M.van Erp, T.G.Toga, A.W.Poutanen, V.P.Huttunen, M.et al.Cortex mapping reveals regionally specific patterns of genetic and disease-specific gray-matter deficits in twins discordant for schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002;99:32283233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbetta, M.Shulman, G.L.Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2002;3:201215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danckert, J.Saoud, M.Maruff, P.Attention, motor control and motor imagery in schizophrenia: implications for the role of the parietal cortex. Schizophr Res 2004;70:241261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
First, M.B.Spitzer, R.L.Gibbon, M.Williams, J.B.W.Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, research version. [SCID-P]Patient ed.New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research; 1997.Google Scholar
Gogtay, N.Giedd, J.N.Lusk, L.Hayashi, K.M.Greenstein, D.Vaituzis, A.C.et al.Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004;101:81748179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenstein, D.Lerch, J.Shaw, P.Clasen, L.Giedd, J.Gochman, P.et al.Childhood onset schizophrenia: cortical brain abnormalities as young adults. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006;47:10031012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, S.R.Fiszbein, A.Opler, L.A.The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987;13:261276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuperberg, G.R.Broome, M.R.McGuire, P.K.David, A.S.Eddy, M.Ozawa, F.et al.Regionally localized thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:878888.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kyriakopoulos, M.Frangou, S.Pathophysiology of early onset schizophrenia. Int Rev Psychiatry 2007;19:315324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kyriakopoulos, M.Vyas, N.S.Barker, G.J.Chitnis, X.A.Frangou, S.A diffusion tensor imaging study of white matter in early-onset schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63:519523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lenroot, R.K.Giedd, J.N.Brain development in children and adolescents: insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2006;30:718729.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matzner, F.Silva, R.Silvan, M.Chowdhury, M.Nastasi, L.Preliminary test–retest reliability of the KID-SCID. Scientific proceedings of the 44th meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Washington, DC: AACAP; 1997. p. 172–3.Google Scholar
Mesulam, M.M.Large-scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing for attention, language, and memory. Ann Neurol 1990;28:597613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narr, K.L.Bilder, R.M.Toga, A.W.Woods, R.P.Rex, D.E.Szeszko, P.R.et al.Mapping cortical thickness and gray matter concentration in first episode schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2005;15:708719.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Standard occupational classification. London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office; 1991.Google Scholar
Pantelis, C.Velakoulis, D.McGorry, P.D.Wood, S.J.Suckling, J.Phillips, L.J.et al.Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison. Lancet 2003;361:281288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rapoport, J.L.Addington, A.M.Frangou, S.The neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: update 2005. Mol Psychiatry 2005;10:434449.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reichenberg, A.Weiser, M.Rapp, M.A.Rabinowitz, J.Caspi, A.Schmeidler, J.et al.Premorbid intra-individual variability in intellectual performance and risk for schizophrenia: a population-based study. Schizophr Res 2006;85:4957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rolls, E.T.The orbitofrontal cortex. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1996;351:14331443.Google ScholarPubMed
Talairach, J.Tournoux, P.Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. New York: Thieme; 1988.Google Scholar
Thompson, P.M.Vidal, C.Giedd, J.N.Gochman, P.Blumenthal, J.Nicolson, R.et al.Mapping of adolescent brain change reveals dynamic wave of accelerated gray matter loss in very early-onset schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:1165011655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Haren, N.E.Pol, H.E.Schnack, H.G.Cahn, W.Brans, R.Carati, I.et al.Progressive brain volume loss in schizophrenia over the course of the illness: evidence of maturational abnormalities in early adulthood. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63:106113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vidal, C.N.Rapoport, J.L.Hayashi, K.M.Geaga, J.A.Sui, Y.McLemore, L.E.et al.Dynamically spreading frontal and cingulate deficits mapped in adolescents with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:2534.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vourdas, A.Pipe, R.Corrigall, R.Frangou, S.Increased developmental deviance and premorbid dysfunction in early onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003;62:1322.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiegand, L.C.Warfield, S.K.Levitt, J.J.Hirayasu, Y.Salisbury, D.F.Heckers, S.et al.Prefrontal cortical thickness in first-episode psychosis: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol Psychiatry 2004;55:131140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilke, M.Schmithorst, V.J.Holland, S.K.Normative pediatric brain data for spatial normalization and segmentation differs from standard adult data. Magn Reson Med 2003;50:749757.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.