Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T20:01:11.810Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clinical characteristics and functions of non-suicide self-injury in youth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

O. Rodav ,
S. Levy  and
S. Hamdan
O. Rodav
Affiliation:
School of Behavioral Science, Academic College of Tel-Aviv Jaffa (MTA) PO Box 8401, 61083Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
S. Levy
Affiliation:
School of Behavioral Science, Academic College of Tel-Aviv Jaffa (MTA) PO Box 8401, 61083Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
S. Hamdan*
Affiliation:
School of Behavioral Science, Academic College of Tel-Aviv Jaffa (MTA) PO Box 8401, 61083Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +972 3 6802525. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Hamdan).
Get access

Abstract

Purpose

Little is known about the clinical characteristics and motivations for engaging in non-suicide self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescence. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, characteristics and functions of NSSI among adolescents in community settings, and to explore risk factors related to this behavior.

Subjects and methods

Two hundred and seventy-five adolescents aged 12 to 17 were recruited randomly from different High Schools in Israel. They completed self-report questionnaires assessing NSSI (Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory), depression (Children's Depression Inventory – CDI) and impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale – BIS-II).

Results

In the past year, 20.7% of the participants reported engaging NSSI at least once. Among them, 42.1% declared they are still engaging in NSSI at the present. Motives for NSSI were internal emotion regulation reasons, external emotion regulation reasons for social influences. In addition, the NSSI group reported significantly higher levels of depressive, impulsivity and suicidal ideations. Depressive symptoms were found as significant predictors of NSSI in the future.

Discussion and conclusions

High rates of NSSI among community adolescents were found. Depression, impulsivity and suicidal ideation were found significantly related to NSSI. Mental health professionals in schools and in primary care should routinely assess NSSI among adolescents.

Keywords

NSSIDepressionSuicidal ideation
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 29 , Issue 8 , October 2014 , pp. 503 - 508
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

☆

This study was supervised by S. Hamdan, as part of the requirements of O. Rodav, for the M.A. degree.

References

Andover, M.S., Gibb, B.E.Non-suicidal self-injury, attempted suicide, and suicidal intent among psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatry Res 2010;178(1):101–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Andover, M.S., Primack, J.M., Gibb, B.E., Pepper, C.M.An examination of non-suicidal self-injury in men: do men differ from women in basic NSSI characteristics?. Arch Suicide Res 2010;14(1):79–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brausch, A.M., Gutierrez, P.M.Differences in non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2010;39:233–242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Briere, J., Gil, E.Self-mutilation in clinical and general population samples: prevalence, correlates and functions. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1998;68:609–620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, M.Z., Comtois, K.A., Linehan, M.M.Reasons for suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury in women with borderline personality disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 2002;111:198–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brunner, R., Parzer, P., Haffner, J., Steen, R., Roos, J., Klett, M.et al.Prevalence and psychological correlates of occasional and repetitive deliberate self-harm in adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007;161(7):641–649.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Catledge, C.B., Scharer, K., Fuller, S.Assessment and identification of deliberate self-harm in adolescents and young adults. J Nurse Pract 2012;8(4):299–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloutier, P.F., Nixon, M.K.The Ottawa self-injury inventory: a preliminary evaluation. In abstracts to the 12th International Congress European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;12:1–94.Google Scholar
Dougherty, D.M., Mathias, C.W., Marsh-Richard, D.M., Prevette, K.N., Dawes, M.A., Hatzis, E.S.et al.Impulsivity and clinical symptoms among adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury with or without attempted suicide. Psychiatry Res 2009;169(1):22–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferreira de Castro, E., Cunha, M., Pimenta, F., Costa, I.Parasuicide and mental disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998;97:25–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glenn, C.R., Klonsky, E.D.A multimethod analysis of impulsivity in non-suicidal self-injury. Personal Disord 2010;1(1):67–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glicksohn, J., Nahari, G.Interacting personality traits? Smoking as a test case. Eur J Personal 2007;21(2):225–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gollust, S.E., Eisenberg, D., Golberstein, E.Prevalence and correlates of self-injury among university students. J Am Coll Health 2008;56(5):491–498.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guerry, J.D., Prinstein, M.J.Longitudinal prediction of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: examination of a cognitive vulnerability – stress model. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2010;39(1):77–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamza, C.A., Stewart, S.L., Willoughby, T.Examining the link between non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior: a review of the literature and an integrated model. Clin Psychol Rev 2012;32(6):482–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hankin, B.L., Abela, J.R.Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence: prospective rates and risk factors in a 2½ year longitudinal study. Psychiatry Res 2011;186(1):65–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawton, K., Rodham, K., Evans, E., Weatherall, R.Deliberate self-harm in adolescents: self-report survey in schools in England. Br Med J 2002;325:1207–1211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hintikka, J., Tolmunen, T., Rissanen, M., Honkalampi, K., Kylmä, J., Laukkanen, E.Mental disorders in self-cutting adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2009;44:464–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoff, E.R., Muehlenkamp, J.J.Non-suicidal self-injury in college students: the role of perfectionism and rumination. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2009;39:576–587.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacobson, C.M., Gould, M.The epidemiology and phenomenology of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior among adolescents: a critical review of the literature. Arch Suicide Res 2007;11(2):129–147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerr, P.L., Muehlenkamp, J.J.Features of psychopathology in self-injuring female college students. J Mental Health Couns 2010;32(4):290–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klonsky, E.D.Non-suicidal self-injury: an introduction. J Clin Psychol 2007;63(11):1039–1043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klonsky, E.D.Non-suicidal self-injury in United States adults: prevalence, sociodemographics, topography and functions. Psycholl Med 2011;41:1981–1986.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klonsky, E.D., Muehlenkamp, J.J., Lewis, S.P., Walsh, B.Non-suicidal self-injury. USA: Hogrefe Publishing; 2011.Google ScholarPubMed
Kovacs, M.Children's depression inventory: manual. Multi-Health Systems. 1992.Google Scholar
Laye-Gindhu, A., Schonert-Reichl, K.A.Nonsuicidal self-harm among community adolescents: understanding the “whats” and “whys” of self-harm. J Youth Adolesc 2005;34(5):447–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd-Richardson, E., Perrine, N., Dierker, L., Kelly, M.Characteristics and functions of non-suicidal self-injury in a community sample of adolescents. Psychol Med 2007;37(8):1183–1192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynam, D.R., Miller, J.D., Miller, D.J., Bornovalova, M.A., Lejuez, C.W.Testing the relations between impulsivity-related traits, suicidality, and non-suicidal self-injury: a test of the incremental validity of the UPPS Model. Personal Disord 2011;2(2):151–160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, J., Cloutier, P.F., Levesque, C., Bureau, J.F., Lafontaine, M.F., Nixon, M.K.Psychometric properties of the functions and addictive features scales of the Ottawa self-injury inventory: a preliminary investigation using a university sample. Psychol Assess 2013;25(3):1013–1018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muehlenkamp, J.J., Gutierrez, P.M.Risk for suicide attempts among adolescents who engage in non-suicidal self-injury. Arch Suicide Res 2007;11:69–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muehlenkamp, J.J., Ertelt, T.W., Miller, A.L., Claes, L.Borderline personality symptoms differentiate non-suicidal and suicidal self-injury in ethnically diverse adolescent outpatients. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2011;52(2):148–155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nixon, M.K., Cloutier, P.F., Aggarwal, S.Affect regulation and addictive aspects of repetitive self-injury in hospitalized adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002;41(11):1333–1341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nixon, M.K., Cloutier, P., Jansson, S.M.Non-suicidal self-harm in youth: a population-based survey. Can Med Assoc J 2008;178(3):306–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nock, M.K.Actions speak louder than words: an elaborated theoretical model of the social functions of self-injury and other harmful behaviors. Appl Prev Psychol 2008;12(4):159–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nock, M.K.Why do people hurt themselves? New insights into the nature and functions of self-injury. Psychol Sci 2009;18(2):78–83.Google ScholarPubMed
Nock, M.K., Joiner, T.E., Gordon, K.H., Lloyd-Richardson, E., Prinstein, M.J.Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts. Psychiatry Res 2006;144:65–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pattison, E.M., Kahan, J.The deliberate self-harm syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1983;140(7):867–872.Google ScholarPubMed
Patton, J.H., Stanford, M.S.Factor structure of the Barratt impulsiveness scale. J Clin Psychol 1995;51(6):768–774.3.0.CO;2-1>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Portzky, G., De Wilde, E.J., Van Heeringen, K.Deliberate self-harm in young people: differences in prevalence and risk factors between The Netherlands and Belgium. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2008;17(3):179–186.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ringeisen, H., Henderson, K., Hoagwood, K.Context matters: schools and the “research to practice gap” in children's mental health. Sch Psychol Rev 2003;32(2):153–168.Google Scholar
Ross, S., Heath, N.L., Toste, J.R.Non-suicidal self-injury and eating pathology in high school students. Am J Orthopsychiatry 2009;79:83–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Selby, E.A., Bender, T.W., Gordon, K.H., Nock, M.K., Joiner, T.E. Jr.Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) disorder: a preliminary study. Pers Disord: Theory, Res Treat 2012;3(2):167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Severson, H.H., Walker, H.M., Hope-Doolittle, J., Kratochwill, T.R., Gresham, F.M.Proactive, early screening to detect behaviorally at-risk students: Issues, approaches, emerging innovations, and professional practices. J Sch Psychol 2007;45(2):193–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suyemoto, K.L.The functions of self-mutilation. Clin Psychol Rev 1998;18(5):531–554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toste, J.R., Heath, N.L.School response to non-suicidal self-injury. Prev Res 2010;17(1):14–17.Google Scholar
Whitlock, J., Knox, K.L.The relationship between self-injurious behavior and suicide in a young adult population. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007;161(7):634–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitlock, J., Eckenrode, J., Silverman, D.Self-injurious behaviors in a college population. Pediatrics 2006;117(6):1939–1948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wichstrøm, L.Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury versus attempted suicide: similar or different?. Arch Suicide Res 2009;13:105–122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yates, T.M.The developmental psychopathology of self-injurious behavior: compensatory regulation in posttraumatic adaptation. Clin Psychol Rev 2004;24:35–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yates, T.M., Tracy, A.J., Luthar, S.S.Nonsuicidal self-injury among “privileged” youths: longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches to developmental process. J Consult Clin Psychol 2008;76(1):52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zalsman, G., Misgav, S., Sommerfeld, E., Kohn, Y., Brunstein-Klomek, A., Diller, R.et al.Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R): reliability of the Hebrew version. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2005;17(3):255–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.