Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T21:19:33.610Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Changes in lifestyle for psychiatric patients three years after the start of short- and long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and solution-focused therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

P. Knekt ,
M.A. Laaksonen ,
R. Raitasalo ,
P. Haaramo  and
O. Lindfors
P. Knekt*
Affiliation:
Social Insurance Institution, P.O. Box 450, 00101Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, 00271Helsinki, Finland
M.A. Laaksonen
Affiliation:
National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, 00271Helsinki, Finland
R. Raitasalo
Affiliation:
Social Insurance Institution, P.O. Box 450, 00101Helsinki, Finland
P. Haaramo
Affiliation:
Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
O. Lindfors
Affiliation:
Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +358 20 610 8774; fax: +358 020 610 8760. E-mail address: [email protected] (P. Knekt).
Get access

Abstract

Objectives

Lifestyle is less favourable among individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders. We studied whether psychotherapy brings along changes in lifestyle and whether these changes differ between short-term and long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (SPP and LPP) and solution-focused therapy (SFT).

Methods

A total of 326 outpatients, 20–46 years of age, with mood or anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to LPP, SPP and SFT. The lifestyle variables considered were alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index (BMI), leisure time exercise and serum cholesterol. The patients were monitored for three years from the start of treatment.

Results

During the three-year follow-up, BMI and serum cholesterol rose statistically significantly although no statistically significant trends were shown for alcohol consumption, smoking or exercise. SPP showed a disadvantage of increased alcohol consumption and serum cholesterol level when compared with LPP. SFT showed an advantage of reduced smoking in comparison with SPP.

Discussion

Small therapy-specific changes in lifestyle may be a result from psychotherapy treatment. These lifestyle changes are apparently more common in short-term therapy. More studies are needed to verify these findings.

Keywords

Unipolar depressionAnxiety disorderPsychotherapyLifestyleRandomizationTrial
Type
Original articles
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , January 2010 , pp. 1 - 7
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adler, N., Matthews, K.Health psychology: why do some people get sick and some stay well?. Annu Rev Psychol 1994;45:229–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.Google Scholar
Aromaa, A.Kohonnut verenpaine ja sen kansanterveydellinen merkitys Suomessa. [English summary: Epidemiology and public health impact of high blood pressure in Finland]. Kansaneläkelaitoksen julkaisuja AL:17. Helsinki: The Social Incurance Institution; 1981.Google Scholar
Aromaa, A, Koskinen, S (eds). Health and functional capacity in Finland. Baseline results of the Health 2000 health examination survey. Publications of the National Public Health Institute B12/2004. Helsinki: National Public Health Institute; 2004.Google Scholar
Aromaa, A., Raitasalo, R., Reunanen, A., Impivaara, O., Heliövaara, M., Knekt, P.et al. Depression and cardiovascular diseases. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 1994;377:77–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, A.T., Ward, C.H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., Erbaugh, J.An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bien, T.H., Miller, W.R., Tonigan, J.S.Brief interventions for alcohol problems: a review. Addiction 1993;88:315–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carey, V., Zeger, S.L., Diggle, P.Modelling multivariate binary data with alternating logistic regressions. Biometrika 1993;80:517–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, L.A., Watson, D.Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. J Abnorm Psychol 1991;100:316–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cuijpers, P., Schoevers, R.A.Increased mortality in depressive disorders: a review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2004;6:430–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Shazer, S.Putting difference to work. New York: W.W. Norton & Company; 1991.Google Scholar
de Shazer, S., Berg, I.K., Lipchik, E., Nunnally, E., Molnar, A., Gingerich, W.et al. Brief therapy: focused solution development. Fam Process 1986;25:207–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Degenhardt, L., Hall, W.The relationship between tobacco use, substance-use disorders and mental health: results from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being. Nicotine Tob Res 2001;3:225–34.Google ScholarPubMed
Derogatis, L.R., Lipman, R.S., Covi, L.SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale–preliminary report. Psychopharmacol Bull 1973;9:13–28.Google ScholarPubMed
Gabbard, G.O.Long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. A basic text. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2004.Google Scholar
Haukkala, A., Uutela, A., Vartiainen, E., McAlister, A., Knekt, P.Depression and smoking cessation: the role of motivation and self-efficacy. Addict Behav 2000;25:311–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Härkänen, T., Knekt, P., Virtala, E., Lindfors, O.A case study in comparing therapies involving informative drop-out, non-ignorable non-compliance and repeated measurements. Stat Med 2005;24:3773–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joukamaa, M., Heliövaara, M., Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Raitasalo, R., Lehtinen, V.Mental disorders and cause-specific mortality. Br J Psychiatry 2001;179:498–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joukamaa, M., Heliövaara, M., Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Raitasalo, R., Lehtinen, V.Schizophrenia, neuroleptic medication and mortality. Br J Psychiatry 2006;188:122–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K., McGuire, L., Robles, T.F., Glaser, R.Emotions, morbidity, and mortality: new perspectives from psychoneuroimmunology. Annu Rev Psychol 2002;53:83–107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knekt, P, Lindfors, O (eds). A randomized trial of the effect of four forms of psychotherapy on depressive and anxiety disorders. Design, methods, and results on the effectiveness of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and solution-focused therapy during a one-year follow-up. Studies in social security and health 77. Helsinki: The Social Incurance Institution; 2004.Google Scholar
Knekt, P., Lindfors, O., Härkänen, T., Välikoski, M., Virtala, E., Laaksonen, M.A.et al. Randomized trial on the effectiveness of long- and short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and solution-focused therapy on psychiatric symptoms during a 3-year follow-up. Psychol Med 2008;38:689–703.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knekt, P., Raitasalo, R., Heliövaara, M., Lehtinen, V., Pukkala, E., Teppo, L.et al. Elevated lung cancer risk among persons with depressed mood. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:1096–103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kreuter, M.W., Chheda, S.G., Bull, F.C.How does physician advice influence patient behavior? Evidence for a priming effect. Arch Fam Med 2000;9:426–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lawlor, D.A., Hanratty, B.The effect of physical activity advice given in routine primary care consultations: a systematic review. J Public Health Med 2001;23:219–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, J.Covariance adjustment of rates based on the multiple logistic regression model. J Chronic Dis 1981;34:415–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leichsenring, F., Rabung, S., Leibing, E.The efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in specific psychiatric disorders: a meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:1208–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liang, K.-Y., Zeger, S.L.Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 1986;73:13–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malan, D.H.The frontier of brief psychotherapy: An example of the convergence of research and clinical practice. New York: Plenum Medical Book; 1976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Migon HdS, , Gamerman, D.Statistical inference: an integrated approach. London: Arnold; 1999.Google Scholar
Morimoto, K., Takeshita, T., Inoue-Sakurai, C., Maruyama, S.Lifestyles and mental health status are associated with natural killer cell and lymphokine-activated killer cell activities. Sci Total Environ 2001;270:3–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oei, T.P., Jackson, P.R.Social skills and cognitive behavioral approaches to the treatment of problem drinking. J Stud Alcohol 1982;43:532–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Onyike, C.U., Crum, R.M., Lee, H.B., Lyketsos, C.G., Eaton, W.W.Is obesity associated with major depression? Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:1139–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patkar, A.A., Vergare, M.J., Batra, V., Weinstein, S.P., Leone, F.T.Tobacco smoking: current concepts in etiology and treatment. Psychiatry 2003;66:183–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramage-Morin, P.L.Panic disorder and coping. Health Rep 2004;15[Suppl]:31–43.Google ScholarPubMed
Regier, D.A., Farmer, M.E., Rae, D.S., Locke, B.Z., Keith, S.J., Judd, L.L.et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 1990;264:2511–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sandahl, C., Herlitz, K., Ahlin, G., Rönnberg, S.Time-limited group psychotherapy for moderately alcohol dependent patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Psychother Res 1998;8:361–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 9.1. Cary: SAS Institute Inc.; 2007.Google Scholar
Sifneos, PE.Short-term anxiety provoking psychotherapy. In: Davanloo, H (ed.). Short-term dynamic psychotherapy. New York: Spectrum; 1978. p. 35–42.Google Scholar
van Gool, C.H., Kempen, G.I., Penninx, B.W., Deeg, D.J., Beekman, A.T., van Eijk, J.T.Relationship between changes in depressive symptoms and unhealthy lifestyles in late middle aged and older persons: results from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Age Ageing 2003;32:81–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Verbeke, G., Molenberghs, G.Linear mixed models in practice: an SAS-oriented approach. New York: Springer; 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wendt, S.J.Smoking cessation and exercise promotion counseling in psychologists who practice psychotherapy. Am J Health Promot 2005;19:339–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.