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Abnormalities in Cortical Gray Matter Density in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

R. Rossi ,
M. Lanfredi ,
M. Pievani ,
M. Boccardi ,
P.E. Rasser ,
P.M. Thompson ,
E. Cavedo ,
M. Cotelli ,
S. Rosini  and
R. Beneduce
...Show all authors
R. Rossi*
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
M. Lanfredi
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
M. Pievani
Affiliation:
LENITEM, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine, Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
M. Boccardi
Affiliation:
LENITEM, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine, Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
P.E. Rasser
Affiliation:
Centre for translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
P.M. Thompson
Affiliation:
Imaging Genetics Center, Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
E. Cavedo
Affiliation:
LENITEM, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine, Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy Cognition, neuroimaging and brain diseases Laboratory, Centre de Recherche de l’Insitut du Cerveau et de la Moelle (CRICM) UMRS_975, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France
M. Cotelli
Affiliation:
Unit of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
S. Rosini
Affiliation:
Unit of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
R. Beneduce
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
S. Bignotti
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
L.R. Magni
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
L. Rillosi
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
S. Magnaldi
Affiliation:
Unit of Neuroradiology, Poliambulanza Hospital, Brescia, Italy
M. Cobelli
Affiliation:
Unit of Neuroradiology, Poliambulanza Hospital, Brescia, Italy
G. Rossi
Affiliation:
Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, via Pilastroni 4, 25125Brescia, Italy
G.B. Frisoni
Affiliation:
LENITEM, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine, Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy Memory Clinic and LANVIE, Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 030 35017719; fax: +39 030 3501592. E-mail address:[email protected] (R. Rossi).
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Abstract

Background:

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a chronic condition with a strong impact on patients’ affective, cognitive and social functioning. Neuroimaging techniques offer invaluable tools to understand the biological substrate of the disease. We aimed to investigate gray matter alterations over the whole cortex in a group of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients compared to healthy controls (HC).

Methods:

Magnetic resonance-based cortical pattern matching was used to assess cortical gray matter density (GMD) in 26 BPD patients and in their age- and sex-matched HC (age: 38 ± 11; females: 16, 61%).

Results:

BPD patients showed widespread lower cortical GMD compared to HC (4% difference) with peaks of lower density located in the dorsal frontal cortex, in the orbitofrontal cortex, the anterior and posterior cingulate, the right parietal lobe, the temporal lobe (medial temporal cortex and fusiform gyrus) and in the visual cortex (P < 0.005). Our BPD subjects displayed a symmetric distribution of anomalies in the dorsal aspect of the cortical mantle, but a wider involvement of the left hemisphere in the mesial aspect in terms of lower density. A few restricted regions of higher density were detected in the right hemisphere. All regions remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons via permutation testing.

Conclusions:

BPD patients feature specific morphology of the cerebral structures involved in cognitive and emotional processing and social cognition/mentalization, consistent with clinical and functional data.

Keywords

Borderline personality disorderNeuroimagingMRI
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , February 2015 , pp. 221 - 227
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2014

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