Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T00:35:15.138Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The A1 allele of the DRD2 gene (TaqI A polymorphisms) is associated with antisocial personality in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

G Ponce ,
M.A Jimenez-Arriero ,
G Rubio ,
J Hoenicka ,
I Ampuero ,
J.A Ramos  and
T Palomo
G Ponce
Affiliation:
Unidad de conductas adictivas, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Edificio de Medicina Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda de Córdoba s/n, 28041Madrid, Spain
M.A Jimenez-Arriero
Affiliation:
Unidad de conductas adictivas, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Edificio de Medicina Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda de Córdoba s/n, 28041Madrid, Spain
G Rubio*
Affiliation:
Unidad de conductas adictivas, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Edificio de Medicina Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda de Córdoba s/n, 28041Madrid, Spain
J Hoenicka
Affiliation:
Departamento de biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
I Ampuero
Affiliation:
Departamento de biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
J.A Ramos
Affiliation:
Departamento de biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
T Palomo
Affiliation:
Unidad de conductas adictivas, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Edificio de Medicina Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda de Córdoba s/n, 28041Madrid, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Rubio).
Get access

Abstract

Background. –

Presence of A1 allele of the DRD2 gene has been associated with a predisposition for alcoholism although there are limited data about its phenotypic expression in alcoholism.

Objectives. –

To determine the importance of the A1 allele in clinical variables of alcohol dependence.

Methodology. –

A sample of 103 alcohol-dependent males was studied. All patients were recruited consecutively from the general hospital and community settings. The diagnostics were made with the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID); and the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). Diagnosis of family alcoholism was made by direct interview or with the Research Diagnostic Criteria-Family History (RDC-FH). The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Scale (SADS) were used to assess alcohol dependence severity. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods.

Results. –

Approximately 39% of the sample carried the A1 allele (A1+ group). This group had higher prevalences of antisocial personality disorder (60% vs. 15.9%); and alcoholism family history (72.5% vs. 52.4%). Also A1+ had early onset alcohol abuse and more drinking problems. The presence of A1+ was the main factor to explain the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, but the weight of this factor was not sufficient to explain the complications assessed by the ASI.

Conclusions. –

Our results support the existence of an association between the A1 allele and factors resulting from dopaminergic deficiency, otherwise denominated reward deficiency syndrome.

Keywords

Alcohol use disorderDRD2A1 alleleAntisocial personality disorderOutcome
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 18 , Issue 7 , November 2003 , pp. 356 - 360
Copyright
Copyright © Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blum, KNoble, EPSheridan, PJMontgomery, ARitchie, TJagadeeswaran, P, et al. Allelic association of human dopamine D2 receptor gene in alcoholism. J Am Med Assoc 1990;263:2055–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blum, KSheridan, PJWood, RCBraverman, ERChen, TJHComings, DE. Dopamine D2 receptor gene variants: association and linkage studies in impulsive–addictive–compulsive behaviour. Pharmacogenetics 1995;5:121–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noble, EP. D2 dopamine receptor gene in psychiatric and neurologic disorders and its phenotypes. Am J Med Genet 2003;116(Suppl 1):103–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloninger, CR. D2 dopamine receptor gene is associated but not linked with alcoholism. J Am Med Assoc 1991;266:1833–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolos, AMDean, MLucase-Derse, SRamsburg, MBrown, GLGoldman, D, et al. Population and pedigree studies reveal a lack of association between the dopamine D2 receptor gene and alcoholism. J Am Med Assoc 1990;264:3156–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gelernter, JO’Malley, SRisch, NKranzler, HRKrystal, JMerikangas, K, et al. No association between an allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) and alcoholism. J Am Med Assoc 1991;266:1801–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noble, EP. Addiction and its reward process through polymorphisms of the D2 dopamine receptor gene: a review. Eur Psychiatry 2000;15:79–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gelernter, JGoldman, DRisch, N. The A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene and alcoholism. J Am Med Assoc 1993;269:1673–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noble, EPSyndulko, KFitch, JRitchie, TBohman, MGuth, P, et al. D2 dopamine receptor Taq 1 alleles in medically ill alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients. Alcohol Alcohol 1994;29:729–44.Google ScholarPubMed
Lawford, BYoung, RRowell, JGibson, JFeeney, GRitchie, T, et al. Association of the D2 dopamine receptor A1 allele with alcoholism: medical severity of alcoholism and type of controls. Biol Psychiatry 1997;41:385–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, BLWang, ZWCrowe, RRHauser, RFreimer, M. Alcoholism and the D2 receptor gene. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1992;16:806–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, EEwing, JShilling, PSmith, TLIrwin, MSchuckit, M, et al. Lack of association between an RFLP near the dopamine D2 receptor gene and severe alcoholism. Biol Psychiatry 1992;31:285–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hietala, JPohjalainen, THeikkila-Kallio, UWest, CSalaspuro, MSyvälahti, E. Allelic association between D2 but not D1 dopamine receptor gene and alcoholism in Finland. Psychiatr Genet 1997;7:19–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorwood, PBatel, PGouya, LCourtois, FFeingold, JAdès, J. Reappraisal of the association between the DRD2 gene, alcoholism and addiction. Eur Psychiatry 2000;15:90–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parsian, ATodd, RDDevor, EJO’Malley, KLSuarez, BKReich, T, et al. Alcoholism and alleles of the human D2 receptor locus: studies of association and linkage. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:655–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, SYZezza, NWipprecht, GLocke, JNeiswanger, K. Personality traits and dopamine receptors (D2 and D4): linkage studies in families of alcoholics. Am J Med Genet 1999;88:634–41.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bau, CHAlmeida, SHutz, MH. The TaqI A1 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor gene and alcoholism in Brazil: association and interaction with stress and harm avoidance on severity prediction. Am J Med Genet 2000;96:302–6.3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, RLWilliams, JBW. Structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R, patient version (SCID-P). New York: Biometrics Research Department, State Psychiatry Institute; 1985.Google Scholar
Bueno, JAHumbert, MSabanes, FSalvador, LSistema, RDC. Criterios diagnósticos de Investigación (research diagnostic criteria). Madrid: Instituto de Medicina Psicológica de Barcelona, Editores Médicos SA; 1989.Google Scholar
World Health Organization International personality disorder examination (IPDE)-DSM-IV-module. Geneva: WHO; 1995.Google Scholar
Schuckit, MAKlein, JTwitchell, GSmith, T. Personality test scores as predictors of alcoholism almost a decade later. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1038–42.Google ScholarPubMed
Cadoret, RJYates, WRTroughton, EWoodwoth, GStewart, MA. Genetic–environmental interaction in the genesis of aggressivity and conduct disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:916–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Comings, DEWu, HChin, L, et al. Polygenic inheritance of Tourette’s syndrome (stuttering, attention–deficit hyperactivity, conduct and oppositional defiant disorder): the addictive and subtractive effects of three dopaminergic genes-DRD2, DβH and DAT. Am J Med Genet 1996;67:264–88.3.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLellan, ATLuborsky, LWoody, GEO’Brien, CP. An improved diagnostic evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients: the Addiction Severity Index. J Nerv Ment Dis 1980;168:26–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rubio, GUrosa, BSanto-Domingo, J. Validación de la escala de la intensidad de la dependencia alcohólica (EIDA). Psiquiatría Biol 1998;5(Suppl 1):44–7.Google Scholar
Stockwell, TRMurphy, DHodgson, R. The severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire: its use, reliability and validity. Br J Addict 1983;78:145–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eriksson, MBerggren, UBlennow, KFahlke, CMansson, JEBalldin, J. Alcoholics with the dopamine receptor DRD2 A1 allele have lower platelet monoamine oxidase-B activity than those with the A2 allele: a preliminary study. Alcohol Alcohol 2000;35:493–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ratsma, JEvan der Stelt, OSchoffelmeer, ANMWesterveld, AGunning, WB. P3 event-related potential, dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele, and sensation-seeking in adult children of alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001;25:960–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parsian, ACloninger, CRZhang, ZH. Functional variant in the DRD2 receptor promoter region and subtypes of alcoholism. Am J Med Genet 2000;96:407–11.3.0.CO;2-1>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rubio, GLeón, GFerre, FPascual, JSanto-Domingo, J. Clinical significance of Cloninger’s classification in a sample of Spanish alcoholic men. Addiction 1998;93:93–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connor, JPYoung, RMLawford, BRRitchie, TLNoble, EP. D(2) dopamine receptor (DRD2) polymorphism is associated with severity of alcohol dependence. Eur Psychiatry 2002;17:17–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noble, EPOzkaragoz, TZRitchie, TZhang, XBelin, TRSparkes, RS. D2 and D4 dopamine receptor polymorphism and personality. Am J Med Genet 1998;81:257–67.3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noble, EPBlum, KRitchie, TMontgomery, ASheridan, PJ. Allelic association of the D2 dopamine receptor gene with receptor-binding characteristics in alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:648–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pohjalainen, TRinne, JONagren, KLehikoinen, PAnttila, KSyvälahti, EKG, et al. The A1 allele of the human D2 dopamine receptor gene predicts low D2 receptor availability in healthy volunteers. Mol Psychiatry 1998;3:256–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blum, KSheridan, PJWood, RCBraverman, ERChen, TJHCull, JG, et al. The D2 dopamine receptor gene as a determinant of reward deficiency syndrome. J R Soc Med 1996;89:396–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Comings, DEBlum, K. Reward deficiency syndrome: genetic aspects of behavioral disorders. Prog Brain Res 2000;126:325–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koob, GFBloom, FE. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of drug dependence. Science 1988;242:715–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koob, GFSanna, PPBloom, FE. Neuroscience of addiction. Neuron 1998;21:467–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Di Chiara, GImperato, A. Drug abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentration in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988;85:52–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laine, TPAhonen, ARasanen, PPohjalainen, TTiihonen, JHietala, J. The A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene is associated with high dopamine transporter density in detoxified alcoholics. Alcohol Alcohol 2001;36:262–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.