Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T18:26:55.822Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Risperidona en el tratamiento de la agitación y la agresión asociadas con trastornos psiquiátricos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Peter Paul De Deyn  and
Jan Buitelaar
Peter Paul De Deyn
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurología, Hospital y Laboratorio de Neuroquímica y Comportamiento de Middelheim, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Fundación Born Bunge, Universidad de Amberes (UA), Universiteitsplein 1, 2610Amberes (Wilrijk), Bélgica
Jan Buitelaar
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Centro Universitario para Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Centro Médico Universitario, St. Radboud, Nimega, Países Bajos
Get access

Resumen

Esta revisión proporciona una panorámica general de la prevalencia y el tratamiento de la agitación y la agresión, y se centra en el uso de la risperidona para tratar estos síntomas en pacientes de grupos de edad diferentes.

Metodos

Se utilizaron las bases de datos MEDLINE® y EMBASE® para identificar estudios controlados de risperidona en el tratamiento de los trastornos de comportamiento perturbador y los trastornos generalizados del desarrollo en pacientes pediátricos, la agitación aguda o la agresión en adultos y los síntomas psicológicos y conductuales de la demencia en los ancianos. Ademá, se consideraron ensayos clave al; descubierto a largo plazo que evaluaban la eficacia y la seguridad de la risperidona.

Resultados

Los resultados de los 19 estudios doble ciego identificados mostraban que la risperidona es eficaz en el tratamiento de la agitación y la agresion en las diferentes poblaciones, con independencia de la edad. La seguridad y la tolerabilidad de la risperidona parecen ser buenas en conjunto, pero se resaltaba algunas cuestiones de seguridad, como un riesgo más alto de acontecimientos adversos cerebro-vasculares en los ancianos con demencia.

Conclusiones

La risperidona es ύtil para tratar la agresión y la agitación asociadas con diversos trastornos psiquiatricos en pacientes de grupos de edad diferentes.

Keywords

RisperidonaAgitaciónAgresiónPediátricoGeriátricoAdulto
Type
Revisión
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 13 , Issue 5 , June 2006 , pp. 227 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Swann, AC. Neuroreceptor mechanisms of aggression and its treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64(Suppl 4):26–35.Google ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV. 4th ed., text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc.; 2000.Google Scholar
Angold, AErkanli, AFarmer, EMFairbank, JABums, BJKeeler, G, et al.Psychiatric disorder, impairment, and Service use in rural African American and white youth. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59:893–901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emerson, E. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2003;47(Pt l):51–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barlow, KGrenyer, BIlkiw-Lavalle, O. Prevalence and precipitants of aggression in psychiatric inpatient units. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2000;34:967–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grassi, LPeron, LMarangoni, CZanchi, PVanni, A. Characteristics of violent behaviour in acute psychiatric in-patients: a 5-year Italian study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001;104:273–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Binder, RLMcNiel, DE. Effects of diagnosis and context on dangerous-ness. Am J Psychiatry 1988;145(6):728–32.Google Scholar
Swanson, JW. Mental disorder, substance abuse and community violence: an epidemiological approach. In: Monaban, JSteadman, HJ, editors. In violence and mental disorder: developments in risk assessment. Chicago: The University of Chicag Press; 1994. p 101–136.Google Scholar
Lyketsos, CGSteinberg, MTschanz, JTNorton, MCSteffens, DCBreitner, JC. Mental and behavioral disturbances in dementia: findings from the Cache County Study on Memory in Aging. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:708–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyketsos, CGLopez, OJones, BFitzpatrick, ALBreitner, JDeKosky, S. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia and mild cognitive impairment: results from the cardiovascular health study. JAMA 2002;228:1475–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chan, DCKasper, JDBlack, BSRabins, PV. Prevalence and correlates of behavioral and psychiatric symptoms in community-dwelling elders with dementia or mild cognitive impairment: the Memory and Medical Care Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003;18:174–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Margallo-Lana, MSwann, AO'Brien, JFairbaim, AReichelt, KPotkins, D, et al.Prevalence and pharmacological management of behavioural and psychological symptoms amongst dementia sufferers living in care environments. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:39–44.3.0.CO;2-F>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeste, DVFinkel, SI. Psychosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Diagnostic criteria for a distinct syndrome. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;8:29–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renouf, AGKovacs, MMukerji, P. Relationship of depressive, conduct, and comorbid disorders and social functioning in childhood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;36:998–1004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schaeffer, CMPetras, HIalongo, NPoduska, JKellam, S. Modeling growth in boys’ aggressive behavior across elementary school: links to later criminal involvement, conduct disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. Dev Psychol 2003;39:1020–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loeber, RBurke, JDLahey, BBWinters, AZera, M. Oppositional defiant and conduct disorder: a review of the post 10 years, part I. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:1468–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hechtman, LOfford, DR. Long-term outcome of disruptive disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Clin North America 1994;3:379–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dhossche, DMGhani, SO. Who brings patients to the psychiatric emergency room? Psychosocial and psychiatric correlates. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1998;20:235–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coen, RFSwanwick, GRO'Boyle, CACoakley, D. Behaviour disturbance and other predictors of carer burden in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1997;12:331–6.3.0.CO;2-J>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernandes, CMBouthillette, FRaboud, JMBullock, LMoore, CFChristenson, JM, et al.Violence in the emergency department: a survey of health care workers. CMAJ 1999;161:1245–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Currier, GW. Atypical antipsychotic medications in the psychiatric emergency Service. J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61(Suppl 14):21–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Victoroff, JMack, WJNielson, KA. Psychiatric complications of dementia: impact on caregivers. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1998;9:50–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yaffe, KFox, PNewcomer, RSands, LLinquist, KDane, K, et al.Patient and caregiver characteristics and nursing home placement in patients with dementia. JAMA 2002;287:2090–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marx, MSCohen-Mansfield, JWemer, P. Agitation and falls in intitutionalized elderly persons.. J Appl Gerontol 1990;9:106–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leger, JMMoulias, RRobert, PVellas, BChapuy, PHMonfort, JC, et al.Agitation and aggressiveness among the elderly population living in nursing or retirement homes in France. Int Psychogeriatr 2002;14:405–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pappadopulos, EMaclntyre, JCCrismon, MLFindling, RLMalone, RPDerivan, A, et al. Treatment recommendations for the use of antipsychotics for aggressive youth (TRAAY). Part II. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42:145–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rappaport, NThomas, C. Recent research findings on aggressive and violent behavior in youth: implications for clinical assessment and intervention. J Adolesc Health 2004;35(4):260–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hughes, DHKleespies, PM. Treating aggression in the psychiatric emergency Service. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64(Suppl 4): 10–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Yildiz, ASachs, GSTurgay, A. Pharmacological management of agitation in emergency settings. Emerg Med J 2003;20:339–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Findling, RLMcNamara, NKBranicky, LASchluchter, MDLemon, EBlumer, JL. A double-blind pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of conduct disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:509–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buitelaar, JKvan der Gaag, RJCohen-Kettenis, P,Melman, CT. A randomized controlled trial of risperidone in the treatment of aggression m hospitalized adolescents with subaverage cognitive abilities. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62:239–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Bellinghen, MDe Troch, C. Risperidone in the treatment of behavioral disturbances in children and adolescents with borderline intellectual functioning: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2001;11:5–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snyder, RTurgay, AAman, MBinder, CFisman, SCarroll, A, Riperidone Conduct Study Group. Effects of risperidone on conduct and disruptive behavior disorders in children with subaverage IQs. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002;41:1026–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aman, MGDe Smedt, GDerivan, ALyons, BFindling, RL, Risperidone Disruptive Behavior Study Group. Double-blind, placebocontrolled study of risperidone for the treatment of disruptive behaviors in children with subaverage intelligence. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1337–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCracken, JTMcGoogh, JShah, BCronin, PHong, DAman, MG, et al., Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Autism NetWork. Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems. N Engl J Med 2002;347:314–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shea, STurgay, ACarroll, ASchulz, MOrlik, HSmith, I, et al.Risperidone in the treatment of disruptive behavioral symptoms in children with autistic and other pervasive developmental disorders. Pediatrics 2004; 114:e634–e641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnold, LEVitiello, BMcDougle, CScahill, LShah, BGonzalez, NM, et al.Parent-defined target symptoms respond to risperidone in RUPP autism study: customer approach to clinical triais. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42:1443–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turgay, ABinder, CSnyder, RFisman, S. Long-term satety and efficacy of risperidone for the treatment of disruptive behavior disorders in children with subaverage IQs. Pediatrics 2002;110:e34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Findling, RLAman, MGEerdekens, MDerivan, ALyons, B, Risperidone Disruptive Behavior Study Group. Long-term, open-label study of risperidone in children with severe disruptive behaviors and below-average IQ. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:677–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Masi, GCosenza, AMucci, M. Prolactin levels in young children with pervasive developmental disorders during risperidone treatment. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2001; 11 (4):389–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gagliano, AGemmano, EPustorino, GImpallomeni, CD'Arrigo, CCalamoneri, F, et al.Risperidone treatment of children with autistic disorder: effectiveness, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic implications. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2004;14(l):39–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saito, ECorrell, CUGallelli, KMcMeniman, MParikh, UHMalhotra, AK, et al.A prospective study of hyperprolactinemia in children and adolescents treated with atypical antipsychotic agents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2004;14(3):350–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dunbar, FKusumakar, VDaneman, DSchulz, M. Growth and sexual maturation during long-term treatment with risperidone. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:918–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reyes, MBuitelaar, JAugustyns, IEerdekens, M. (2004) Relapse prevention of disruptive behavior disorders in children and adolescents: a 6 month trial of risperidone versus placebo. Poster presented at the 16th World Congress of the Intenational Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions (IACAPAP), August 22-26 2004, Berlin, Gemmany.Google Scholar
Aman, MGBinder, CTurgay, A. Risperidone effects in the presence/ absence of psychostimulant medicine in children with ADHD, other disruptive behavior disorders, and subaverage IQ. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2004;14:243–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blin, OAzorin, JMBouhours, P. Antipsychotic and anxiolytic properties of risperidone, haloperidol, and methotrimeprazine in schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996;16:38–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Segal, JBerk, MBrook, S. Risperidone compared with both lithium and haloperidol in mania: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Neuropharmacol 1998;21:176–80.Google ScholarPubMed
McDougle, CJHolmes, JPCarlson, DCPelton, GHCohen, DJPrice, LH. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of risperidone in adults with autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998;55:633–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sachs, GSGrossman, FGhaemi, SNOkamoto, ABowden, CL. Combination of a mood stabilizer with risperidone or haloperidol for treatment of acute mania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of efficacy and safety. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1146–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yatham, LNGrossman, FAugustyns, IVieta, ERavindran, A. Mood stabilisers plus risperidone or placebo in the treatment of acute mania. International, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:141–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Currier, GWChou, JCFeifel, DBossie, CATurkoz, IMahmoud, RA, et al.Acute treatment of psychotic agitation: a randomized comparison of oral treatment with risperidone and lorazepam versus intramuscular treatment with haloperidol and lorazepam. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:386–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Czobor, PVolavka, JMeibach, RC. Effect of risperidone on hostility in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995;15:243–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Citrome, LVolavka, JCzobor, PSheitman, BLindemmayer, J-PMcEvoy, J, et al.Effects of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol on hostility among patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatr Serv 2001 ;52(11): 1510–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volavka, JCzobor, PNolan, KSheitman, BLindenmayer, J-PCitrome, L, et al.Overt aggression and psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia treated with clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;24:225–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buckley, PFIbrahim, ZYSinger, BOrr, BDonenwirth, KBrat, PS. Aggression and schizophrenia: efficacy of risperidone. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 1997;25(2): 173–81.Google ScholarPubMed
Beck, NCGreenfield, SRGotham, HMenditto, AAStuve, PHemme, CA. Risperidone in the management of violent, treatment-resistant schizophrenics hospitalized in a maximum security forensic facility. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 1997;25(4):461–8.Google Scholar
Currier, GWSimpson, GM. Risperidone liquid concentrate and oral lorazepam versus intramuscular haloperidol and intramuscular lorazepam for treatment of psychotic agitation. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62:153–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirose, S. Effective treatment of aggression and impulsivity in antisocial personality disorder with risperidone. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;55:161–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rocca, PMarchiaro, LCocuzza, EBogetto, F. Treatment of borderline personality disorder with risperidone. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63:241–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Risperidone. package insert. 2005; http://www.risperdal.com/active/ janus/en_US/assets/common/company/pi/risperdal.pdf.Google Scholar
Meaney, AMSmith, SHowes, ODO'Brien, MMurray, RMO'Keane, V. Effects of long-term prolactin-raising antipsychotic medication on bone mineral density in patients with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:503–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Deyn, PPRabheru, KRasmussen, ABocksberger, JPDantzenberg, PLEriksson, S, et al.A randomized trial of risperidone, placebo, and haloperidol for behavioral symptoms of dementia. Neurology 1999;53:946–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katz, IRJeste, DVMintzer, JEClyde, CNapolitano, JBrecher, M. Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioral disturbances associated with dementia: a randomized, double-blind trial. Risperidone Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60:107–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chan, WCLam, LCChoy, CNLeung, VPLi, SWChiu, HF. A doubleblind randomised comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms in Chinese dementia patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:1156–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brodaty, HAmes, DSnowdon, JWoodward, MKirwan, JClarnette, R, et al.A randomized placebo-controlled trial of risperidone for the treatment of aggression, agitation, and psychosis of dementia. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:134–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fontaine, CSHynan, LSKoch, KMartin-Cook, KSvetlik, DWeiner, MF. A double-blind comparison of olanzapine versus risperidone in the acute treatment of dementia-related behavioral disturbances in extended care facilities. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:726–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suh, GHSon, HGJu, YSJcho, KHYeon, BKShin, YM, et al.A randomized, double-blind, crossover comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in Korean dementia patients with behavioral disturbances. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004;12:509–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Deyn, PPKatz, IR. Control of aggression and agitation in patients with dementia: efficacy and safety of risperidone. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15(Suppl l):S14–22.3.0.CO;2-#>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeste, DVOkamoto, ANapolitano, JKane, JMMartinez, RA. Low incidence of persistent tardive dyskinesia in elderly patients with dementia treated with risperidone. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:1150–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feldman, PDHay, LKDeberdt, WKennedy, JSHutchins, DSHay, DP, et al.Retrospective cohort study of diabetes mellitus and antipsychotic treatment in a geriatric population in the United States. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2004;5:38–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
US Food and Drug Administration. Public Health Advisory. Deaths with antipsychotics in elderly patients with behavioral disturbances. Apri 11, 2005. http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/advisory/antipsychotics.htm Accessed August 15.Google Scholar