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Las repercusiones de la depresión se distribuyen desigualmente en la población

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Dag Isacson ,
Kerstin Bingefors  and
Lars von Knorring
Dag Isacson
Affiliation:
Departamento de Farmacia, Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacoeconomía, Universidad de Uppsala, Box 580, BMC, SE-751 23Uppsala, Suecia
Kerstin Bingefors
Affiliation:
Departamento de Farmacia, Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacoeconomía, Universidad de Uppsala, Box 580, BMC, SE-751 23Uppsala, Suecia Departamento de Neurociencias, Psiquiatría, Universidad de Uppsala, Uppsala, Suecia
Lars von Knorring
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurociencias, Psiquiatría, Universidad de Uppsala, Uppsala, Suecia
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Resumen

Propósitos.

El propósito de este estudio era evaluar las repercusiones de la depresión en la calidad de vida en la población general estudiando sus efectos sobre i) la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CdVRS), ii) las utilidades del estado de salud y iii) la carga de la enfermedad en la población según la edad, el sexo, el estado civil, el nivel educativo, la situación económica y el empleo.

Métodos.

Estudio transversal en el Condado de Uppsala, Suecia. Se utilizó una muestra estadística de la población general de 20-64 años de edad (n =4.506). Se obtuvo información sobre el estado actual de la depresión por autoinforme. La CdVRS se midió utilizando la Forma Breve 36 (SF-36). Se usó el método de transacción temporal (TT) para medir las utilidades del estado de salud. La disminución de las utilidades totales del estado de salud asociada con la depresión en la población se utilizó como medida de la carga de la enfermedad.

Resultados.

Un 4% de la población comunicó depresión. Los sujetos con depresión puntuaron significativamente más bajo (P <0,001) que los sujetos sin ella en los ocho dominios del cuestionario SF-36. Además, el grupo deprimido evaluó las utilidades de su estado de salud significativamente más bajo que los otros: 0,796 frente a 0,933 (P <0,001). En el análisis multivariante de la disminución en las utilidades con diversos trastornos médicos, la depresión se asoció con la mayor disminución (-0,090, P< 0,001). Las personas con depresión daban cuenta del 10,9% de la disminución total en las utilidades en toda la población, pero esta proporción variaba según el subgrupo específico. Por ejemplo, el 16,4% y el 8,6% de la carga total de la enfermedad se vinculaban con la depresión entre las personas solteras y casadas, respectivamente. Las cifras correspondientes para las personas con los ingresos más bajos y más altos fueron 15% y 7,9%, respectivamente. Entre los desempleados, los que comunicaron depresión daban cuenta del 15,3% de la disminución en las utilidades, a diferencia del 4,9% entre los que tenían empleo.

Conclusiones.

La depresión tiene fuertes repercusiones en la calidad de vida y la discapacidad total en la población general. Además, las repercusiones de la depresión se distribuyen desigualmente en la población.

Keywords

DepresiónEpidemiologíaCarga de la enfermedadCalidad de vida relacionada con la saludUtilidadesTransacción temporal.
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 6 , September 2005 , pp. 341 - 348
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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