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Intervención farmacológica en la fase prodrómica inicial de la psicosis
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
La identificación y el tratamiento tempranos de la esquizofrenia pueden aliviar los síntomas, retrasar el comienzo y mejorar la evolución de la psicosis. Así, la detección de individuos en situación de riesgo durante la fase prodrómica es una tarea importante. Los enfoques universales para la detección selectiva de la población general o los sujetos sanos en situación de riesgo no han resultado posibles hasta la fecha. Sin embargo, se han desarrollado criterios clínicos para detectar individuos en situación de riesgo ultra-elevado para entornos especializados, llevándose a la práctica en estudios de intervención. Este artículo examina la justificación racional para la detección e intervención tempranas de la psicosis, junto con una revisión de algunos estudios actuales. Éstos llevan a cabo la prevención utilizando estrategias de intervención psicológica, farmacológica o de ambos tipos y han demostrado resultados prometedores en individuos con riesgo alto. La Red Alemana de Investigación sobre Esquizofrenia (GRNS) está realizando dos estudios multicéntricos de intervención temprana; uno con intervención psicológica temprana en sujetos que manifiestan síntomas prodrómicos tempranos, aplicando el segundo ensayo tratamiento clínico e intervención farmacológica temprana en sujetos que experimentan síntomas prodrómicos tardíos (sujetos de riesgo alto). A pesar de los resultados prometedores, el tamaño de muestra de muchos de los estudios actuales es pequeño, con un periodo breve de duración del estudio. Los beneficios completos de la detección e intervención tempranas se deberían revelar después que se hayan realizado estudios más grandes y largos.
Keywords
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- Artículo original
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- Copyright
- Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005
Footnotes
Ruhrmann S, Schultze-Lutter F, Maier W, Klosterkötter J. Pharmacological intervention in the initial prodromal phase of psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2005;20:1-6.
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