Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T22:49:57.437Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Inhibición prepulso y “propensión a la psicosis” en individuos sanos: un estudio de RMf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Veena Kumari ,
Elena Antonova  and
Mark A. Geyer
Veena Kumari
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psicología, P078, Instituto de Psiquiatría, King's College, De Crespigny Park, LondresSE5 8AF, Reino Unido
Elena Antonova
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psicología, P078, Instituto de Psiquiatría, King's College, De Crespigny Park, LondresSE5 8AF, Reino Unido
Mark A. Geyer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de California, CA, Estados Unidos
Get access

Resumen

Objetivo.

La inhibición prepulso (IPP) de la respuesta de sobresalto es un índice eficaz de la regulación sensitivomotora que puede demostrarse de forma segura tanto en personas como en animales. Los pacientes con esquizofrenia, los familiares de primer grado de pacientes con esquizofrenia, los pacientes con trastorno de personalidad esquizotípica y los individuos sanos que tienen puntuaciones altas en las medidas psicométricas de propensión a la psicosis tienen una IPP reducida. Este estudio analizó las asociaciones entre las diferencias individuales en la “propensión a la psicosis” y la actividad cerebral durante un paradigma de inhibición prepulso táctil con el que previamente se había demostrado activación en los controles y falta de activación en pacientes con esquizofrenia en el estriado, tálamo, ínsula, hipocampo y regiones temporales, frontal inferior y parietal inferior.

Métodos.

Catorce hombres diestros sanos se sometieron a pruebas psicofisiológicas y de resonancia funcional magnética (RMf) durante un paradigma de IPP táctil de 15 minutos aplicando estímulos táctiles de pulso (soplos de aire de 30 psi durante 40 ms) y prepulso (soplos de aire de 6 psi durante 20 ms aplicados 30 ms o 120 ms antes del pulso). Las diferencias individuales en “la propensión a la psicosis” se evaluaron con la escala de Psicoticismo del Cuestionario de Personalidad de Eysenck Revisado (EPQ-R).

Resultados.

La propensión elevada a la psicosis se asoció con una IPP más baja y menor actividad en la circunvolución frontal inferior, en la ínsula hacia el putamen y el tálamo, en la circunvolución parahipocámpica y en la región parietal inferior y temporal media. Ninguna actividad regional se correlacionó positivamente con la propensión a la psicosis.

Conclusiones.

Estas observaciones amplían las conclusiones extraídas previamente en personas con esquizofrenia con elevada propensión a la psicosis, lo que confirma las teorías del continuum de la psicosis con implicaciones para entender los déficit neurales relacionados con el rasgo en la esquizofrenia.

Keywords

Regulación del sobresaltoRMRasgoPsicoticismoEsquizofrenia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 15 , Issue 7 , October 2008 , pp. 339 - 346
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliografía

Aasen, AKolli, LKumari, V. Sex effects in propulse inhibition and facilitation of the acoustic startle response: implications for pharmacological and treatment studies. J Psychopharmacol 2005; 19(1):39–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abel, KWaikar, MPedro, BHemsley, DGeyer, M. Repeated testing of propulse inhibition and habituation of the startle reflex: a study in healthy human Controls. J Psychopharmacol 1998;12:330–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Badcock, JCSmith, GARawlings, D. Temporal processing and psychosis proneness. Pers Individ Dif 1988;9(4):709–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baruch, IHemsley, DRGray, JA. Latent inhibition and “psychotic proneness” in normal subjects. Pers Individ Dif 1988;9:777–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, KLaucht, MEl-Faddagh, MSchrnidt, MH. The dopamine D4 receptor gene exon III polymorphism is associated with novelty seeking in 15-year-old males from a high-risk community sample. J Neural Transplant 2005; 112:847–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benjamin, JLi, LPatterson, CGreenberg, BDMurphy, DLHamer, DH. Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of novelty seeking. Nat Genet 1996;12:81–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blumenthal, TDCreps, CL. Normal startle responding in psychosisprone college students. Pers Individ Dif 1994;17:345–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braff, DL. Information processing and attention dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:233–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braff, DLGeyer, MASwerdlow, NR. Human studies of propulse inhibition of startle: normal subjects, patient groups, and pharmacological studies. Psychopharmacology 2001;156(2-3):234–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braff, DLStone, CCallaway, EGeyer, MGlick, IBali, L. Prestimulus effects on human startle reflex in normáis and schizophrenics. Psychophysiology 1978;15:339–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cadenhead, KSCarasso, BSSwerdlow, NRGeyer, MABraff, DL. Prepulse inhibition and habituation are stable neurological measures in a normal male population. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45:360–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cadenhead, KSGeyer, MABraff, DL. Impaired startle habituation and propulse inhibition in patients with schizotypal personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1862–7.Google Scholar
Cadenhead, KSSwordlow, NRShafer, KDiaz, MBraff, DL. Modulation of the startle response and startle laterality in relatives of schizophrenic patients and in participants with schizotypal personality disorder: evidence of inhibitory deficits. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:1660–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, LJChapman, JPKwapil, TREckblad, MZinser, MC. Putatively psychosis-prone subjects 10 years later. J Abnorm Psychol 1994;103(2): 171–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Claridge, G, editor. Schizotypy: implications for illness and health. Oxford University Press; 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloninger, CR. The tridimensional personality questionnaire. Department of Psychiatry and Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; 1989.Google Scholar
Corr, PJPickering, ADGray, JA. Personality and reinforcement in associative and instrumental leaming. Pers Individ Dif 1995;19:47–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Csomor, PAStadler, RRFeldon, JYee, BKGeyer, MAVollenweider, FX. Haloperidol differentially modulates propulse inhibition and P50 suppression in healthy humans stratified for low and high gating levels. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007 Apr 25 [Epub ahead of print],CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delia Casa, VHofer, IWeiner, IFeldon, J. The effects of smoking on acoustic propulse inhibition in healthy men and women. Psychopharmacology 1998; 137(4):362–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, EMadonick, SChakravorty, SParwani, ASzilagyi, SEfferen, Tet al.Effects of smoking on acoustic startle and propulse inhibition in humans. Psychopharmacology 2001;156(2-3):266–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, EJSzilagyi, SEfferen, TRSchwartz, MPParwani, AChakravorty, Set al.Effect of treatment status on propulse inhibition of acoustic startle in schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology 2003; 167(1):63–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebstein, RPNovick, OUmansky, RPriel, BOsher, YBlaine, Det al.Dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) exon III polymorphism associated with the human personality trait of novelty seeking. Nat Genet 1996;12:78–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evans, LHGray, NSSnowden, RJ. Prepulse inhibition of startle and its moderation by schizotypy and smoking. Psychophysiology 2005;42(2):223–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eysenck, HJ. The definition and measurement of psychoticism. Pers Individ Dif 1992; 13(7):757–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, HJEysenck, SBG. Manual of the Eysenck personality scales. London: Hodder and Stoughton; 1991.Google Scholar
First, MBSpitzer, RLGibbon, MWilliams, JBW. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders. non-patient edition (SCID- 1/ NP), version 2. New York; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research; 1996.Google Scholar
Flaten, MA. Test-retest reliability of the somatosensory blink reflex and its inhibition. Int J Psychophysiol 2002;45(3):261–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friston, KJHolmes, APWorsley, KJ. How many subjects constitute a study? Neuroimage 1999;10:1–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friston, KJWilliams, SHoward, RFrackwiak, RSTurner, R. Movement related effects in fMRI time series. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:346–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
George, TPTermine, ASacco, KAAlien, TMReutenauer, EVessicchio, JCet al.A preliminary study of the effects of cigarette smoking on propulse inhibition in schizophrenia: involvement of nicotinic receptor mechanisms. Schizophr Res 2006;87(l-3):307–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geyer, MASwerdlow, NRMansbach, RSBraff, DL. Startle response models of sensorimotor gating and habituation déficits in schizophrenia. Brain Res Bull 1990;25:485–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibbons, HRammsayer, TH. Differential effects of personality traits related to the P-ImpUSS dimension on latent inhibition in healthy female subjects. Pers Individ Dif 1999;27:1157–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, FK. The more or less startling effects of weak prestimuli. Psychophysiology 1975; 12:238–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gray, NSPickering, ADGray, JA. Psychoticism and dopamine D2 binding in the basal ganglio using single-photon emission tomography. Pers Individ Dif 1994;17:431–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazlett, EABuchsbaum, MSHaznedar, MMSinger, MBGermans, MKSchnur, DBet al.Prefrontal cortex glucose metabolism and startle eyeblink modification abnormalities in unmedicated schizophrenia patients. Psychophysiology 1998;35:186–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hazlett, EABuchsbaum, MSTang, CYFleischman, MBWei, TCByne, Wet al.Thalamic activation during an attention-to-prepulse startle modification paradigm: a functional MRI study. Biol Psychiatry 2001;50(4):281–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumari, VAntonova, EGeyer, MFfytche, DWilliams, SCRSharma, T. An fMRI investigation of startle gating déficits in schizophrenia patients treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2007; 10(4):463–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumari, VAntonova, EZachariah, EGalea, AAasen, IEttinger, Uet al.Structural brain correlates of propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in healthy humans. Neuroimage 2005;26(4): 1052–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VCheckley, SAGray, JA. Effect of cigarette smoking on propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex in healthy mole smokers. Psychopharmacology 1996;128:54–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VDas, MHodgins, SZachariah, EBarkataki, IHowlett, Met al.Association between violent behaviour and impaired propulse inhibition of the startle response in antisocial personality disorder and schizophrema. Behav Brain Res 2005; 158(1): 159–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VDas, MZachariah, EEttinger, USharma, T. Reduced propulse inhibition in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients. Psychophysiology 2005;42(5):588–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VEttinger, U. Prepulse inhibition deficits in schizophrenia: static or amenable to treatment? In: Lang, MV, editor. Progress in schizophrenia research. New York: Nova Publishers, ISBN 1- 59454154-X;2005.Google Scholar
Kumari, VEttinger, UCrawford, TZachariah, ESharma, T. Lack of association between propulse inhibition and anti-saccadic deficits in schizophrenia: implications for identification of schizophrenia endophenotypes. J Psychiatr Res 2005;39(3):227–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VFannon, DGSumich, ASharma, T. Startle gating in antipsychotic-náive first episode schizophrenia: one ear is better than two. Psychiatry Res 2007; 151(1-2):21 -8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumari, VFfytche, DHWilliams, SCRGray, JA. Personality predicts brain responses to cognitive demands. J Neurosci 2004;24(47): 10636–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumari, VGray, JA. Smoking withdrawal, nicotina dependence and propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex. Psychopharmacology 1999; 141(1): 11–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VGray, JAGeyer, MAFfytche, DSoni, WMitterschiffthaler, MTet al.Neural correlates of propulse inhibition in normal and schizophrenic subjects: a functional MRI Study. Psychiatr Res: Neuroimag 2003;122:99–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VGray, JGupta, PLuscher, SSharma, T. Sex difierences in propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response. Pers Individ Dif 2003;34:733–42.Google Scholar
Kumari, VSoni, WSharma, T. Influence of cigarette smoking on propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in schizophrenia. Hum Psychopharmacol: Clin Exper 2001;16:321–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumari, VToone, BGray, JA. Habituation and propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex: effects of smoking status and psychosisproneness. Pers Individ Dif 1997;23:183–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lartison, ALBriand, KASereno, AB. Nicotine, caffeine, alcohol and schizotypy. Pers Individ Dif 1999;27(1): 101–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leumann, LFeldon, JVollenweider, FXLudewig, K. Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on propulse inhibition and latent inhibition in chronic schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2002;52:729–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipp, OVSiddle, DATArnold, SL. Psychosis proneness in a non-clinical sample II: a multi-experimental study of “attentional malfunctioning”. Pers Individ Dif 1994;17(3):405–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lubow, RRIngbergsachs, YZalsteunorda, NGewirtz, JC. Latent inhibition in low and high psychotic-prone normal subjects. Pers Individ Dif 1992;13:563–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ludewig, KGeyer, MAVollenweider, FX. Deficits in propulse inhibition and habituation in never-medicated first-episode schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:121–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meincke, UMorth, DVoss, TThelen, BGeyer, MAGouzoulis-Mayfrank, E. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustically evoked startle reflex in patients with an acute schizophrenic psychosis - a longitudinal study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2004;254(6):415–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noble, EPOzkaragoz, TZRitchie, TLZhang, XXBelin, TRSparkes, RS. D-2 and D-4 dopamine receptor polymorphisms and personality. Am J Med Genet 1998;81:257–67.3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Gorman, RLKumari, VWilliams, SCRZelaya, FOConnor, SEJAlsop, DCet al.Personality factors correlate with regional cerebral perfusion. Neuroimage 2006;31(2):489–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ogawa, SLee, TMKay, ARTank, DW. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent blood oxygenation. Proc Nati Acad Sci U S A 1990;87:8868–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Postma, PGray, JASharma T, , Geyer, MMehrotra, RDas, Met al.A behavioural and functional neuroimaging investigation into the effects of nicotine on sensorimotor gating in healthy subjects and persons with schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology 2006; 184(3- 4):589–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwarzkopf, SBMcCoy, LSmith, DABoutros, NN. Test-retest reliability of propulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response. Biol Psychiatry 1993;33:815–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, AMoore, EWilliams, SCR. Quality control for functional magnetic resonance imaging using automated data analysis and showchart charting. Magn Reson Med 1997;41 (6): 1274–8.3.0.CO;2-1>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simons, RFGiardina, BD. Reflex modification in psychosis-prone young adults. Psychophysiology 1992;29(1):8–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stavridou, AFurnham, A. The relationship between psychoticism, traitcreativity and the attentional mechanism of cognitive inhibition. Pers Individ Dif 1996;21(1): 143–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swerdlow, NRAuerbach, AMonroe, SMHartson, HGeyer, MABraff, DL. Men are more inhibited than women by weak propulses. Biol Psychiatry 1993;34:253–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swerdlow, NRFilion, DGeyer, MABraff, DL. “Normal” personality correlates of sensorimotor, cognitive, and visuospatial gating. Biol Psychiatry 1995;37(5):286–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swerdlow, NRGeyer, MA. Using an animal model of deficient sensorimotor gating to study the pathophysiology and new treatments of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1998;24:285–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swerdlow, NRGeyer, MABraff, DL. Neural circuit regulation of propulse inhibition of startle in the rat: current knowledge and future challenges. Psychopharmacology 2001; 156(2-3): 194–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swerdlow, NRGeyer, MAHartman, PLSprock, JAuerbach, PPCadenhead, Ket al.Sex differences in sensorimotor gating of the human startle response: all smoke? Psychopharmacology 1999;146:228–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swerdlow, NRLight, GACadenhead, KSSprock, JHsieh, MHBraff, DL. Startle gating déficits in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia: relationship to medications, symptoms, neurocognition, and level of function. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63(12): 1325–35.Google Scholar
Swerdlow, NRTalledo, JSutherland, ANNagy, DShoemaker, JM. Antipsychotic effects on propulse inhibition in normal ‘low gating’ humans and rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006;31(9):2011–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thornton, JCDawe, SLee, CCapstick, CCorr, PJCotter, Pet al.Effects of nicotine and amphetamine on latent inhibition in human subjects. Psychopharmacology 1996;127:164–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Os, J. Is there a continuum of psychotic experiences in the general population? Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc 2003;12:242–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vollenweider, FXBarro, MCsomor, PAFeldon, J. Clozapine enhances propulse inhibition in healthy humans with low but not with high propulse inhibition levels. Biol Psychiatry 2006;60(6):597–603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, JHWellman, NAAllan, NMTaylor, ETonin, JFeldon, Jet al.Tobacco smoking correlates with schizotypal and borderline personality traits. Pers Individ Dif 1996;20:267–70.Google Scholar