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Estilos de apego en los adolescentes y su relación con los rasgos de temperamento y carácter de la personalidad en una población general

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Jayanti Chotai ,
Mattias Jonasson ,
Bruno Hägglöf  and
Rolf Adolfsson
Jayanti Chotai
Affiliation:
División de Psiquiatría, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Hospital Universitario, Universidad de Umeå, 901 85 Umed, Suecia
Mattias Jonasson
Affiliation:
División de Psiquiatría, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Hospital Universitario, Universidad de Umeå, 901 85 Umed, Suecia
Bruno Hägglöf
Affiliation:
División de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas. Universidad de Umeå, Umeå, Suecia
Rolf Adolfsson
Affiliation:
División de Psiquiatría, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Hospital Universitario, Universidad de Umeå, 901 85 Umed, Suecia
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Resumen

Se ha encontrado que tanto los estilos de apego como los rasgos de personalidad en los adolescentes y los adultos están asociados con la evolución de su salud y con sus trastornos de personalidad. En este estudio exploratorio transversal, investigamos la relación entre los estilos de apego que derivan de nuestros datos, empleando los elementos del cuestionario de autoinforme del estilo de apego (ASQ) de Feeney y cols. (1994), y los rasgos de personalidad dados por la versión para jóvenes del inventario de autoinforme del temperamento y el carácter (TCI) de Cloninger y cols. (1993) en una muestra de 426 adolescentes (el 54% mujeres) de una población general. El estilo de apego seguro correlacionaba de manera significativa y negativa con el rasgo de personalidad evitación del daño (ED), pero correlacionaba de manera significativa y positiva con los rasgos de personalidad búsqueda de novedad (BN), dependencia de la recompensa (DR), cooperatividad (CO) y autotrascendencia (AT). El estilo de apego preocupado (ansioso/ambivalente) tenía una correlación significativa positiva con ED y BN, pero la correlación era significativa y negativa con la autodirección (AD). La categoría temeroso-evitativo correlacionaba de manera significativa y negativa con la BN. Nuestra solución de cinco factores de los estilos de apego y su relación con el TCI apunta a la necesidad de una modificación del modelo de apego de dos ejes y cuatro categorías de Bartholomew (1990) y Bartholomew y Horowitz (1991), reemplazando su categoría de rechazador-evitativo por las dos categorías definidas aquí como rechazador de las relaciones (que correlaciona significativamente de manera negativa con la CO) y rechazador de los otros (que correlaciona significativamente de manera negativa con la DR y positiva con la AD).

Keywords

ApegoPersonalidadTemperamentoCarácter
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 7 , October 2005 , pp. 371 - 379
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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