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El uso de antipsicóticos atípicos en el tratamiento de la catatonía
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
Propósito
Los datos indican que los antipsicóticos clásicos pueden agravar la catatonía no maligna (CNM) y la catatonía maligna (CM). Los antipsicóticos atípicos tienen menos posibilidades de causar trastornos del movimiento que los antipsicóticos clásicos, y se prescriben con frecuencia en los trastornos que se pueden asociar con la catatonía. Por tanto, la pregunta importante que se plantea es si los antipsicóticos atípicos tienen un papel que desempeñar en el tratamiento de la catatonía.
Materiales y métodos
Se realizó una búsqueda en Medline para localizar artículos sobre el uso de antipsicóticos atípicos en la catatonia publicados entre 1970 y el 31 de diciembre de 2004.
Resultados
Las publicaciones sobre el uso de antipsicóticos atipicos en la catatonía consisten en informes clínicos y estudios retrospectivos. En la mayoría de los casos de CNM se informa de una reducción de los síntomas catatónicos con el tratamiento con antipsicóticos atípicos. Los casos de CM se relacionan sobre todo con el síndrome neuroléptico maligno (SNM), que se considera como una variante estuporosa yatrógena de CM causada por los antipsicóticos.
Conclusión
Hay indicaciones de que los antipsicóticos atípicos pueden ser útiles en la CNM. Como consecuencia, deberíamos centramos no sólo en los posibles efectos secundarios extrapiramidales y neurovegetativos de estos farmacos, sino también en los posibles efectos beneficiosos en ciertas funciones cerebrales y en los síntomas catatónicos. Sin embargo, se necesitan ensayos controlados distribuidos al azar para evaluar el efecto de estos medicamentos, y la prudencia es aconsejable, ya que se ha asociado casos de SNM con el tratamiento con antipsicóticos atípicos. No hay datos para prescribir antipsicóticos atípicos en la CM.
Keywords
- Type
- Revisíon
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006
Footnotes
Van Den Eede F, Van Hecke J, Van Dalfsen A, Van den Bossche B, Cosyns P, Sabbe BGC. The use of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of catatonia. Eur Psychiatry 2005;20:422-429.
References
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