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Eficacia de zolpidem en el insomnio

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

R. G. Priest ,
M. G. Terzano ,
L. Parrino  and
P. Boyer
R. G. Priest
Affiliation:
Escuela Médica del Hospital de Santa María, Londres, Reino Unido
M. G. Terzano
Affiliation:
Centro de Trastornos, Departamento de Neurología, Universidad de Parma, Italia
L. Parrino
Affiliation:
Centro de Trastornos, Departamento de Neurología, Universidad de Parma, Italia
P. Boyer
Affiliation:
Clínica INSERM de las enfermedades mentales y del encéfalo, París, Francia
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Resumen

Se revisó la eficacia de zolpidem, un agente hipnótico no benzodiacepínico con una semivida de eliminación corta, analizando más de 50 ensayos clínicos internacionales publicados desde 1986. Se ha evaluado la actividad hipnótica de zolpidem en diferentes poblaciones de pacientes, incluidos voluntarios sanos, pacientes ambulatorios de medicina general y pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatorios u hospitalizados con diversos trastornos del sueño, tanto transitorios como crónicos. Los métodos de evaluación utilizados han incluido mediciones objetivas y subjetivas de la eficacia hipnótica para tratamiento de duraciones diferentes, con resultados que confirman que 10 mg es superior a placebo. Zolpidem se mostró superior, en la mayor parte de ensayos, en los parámetros de sueño, como el tiempo total de sueño, la latencia de comienzo del sueño y los despertares nocturnos, pero normalmente, el sueño REM total y la latencia de REM no experimentaron modificaciones. Zolpidem conservó la fisiología del sueño normal, como lo demuestra la preservación de las fases de ondas lentas y la ausencia de efectos o los efectos mínimos sobre la arquitectura del sueño después de una interrupción brusca. En consecuencia, 10 mg es la dosis recomendada para el tratamiento a corto plazo del insomnio en personas no ancianas; en pacientes ancianos 5 mg induce de manera efectiva el sueño, con un perfil de seguridad óptimo.

Keywords

zolpidemhipnóticosimidazopiridinaspolisomnografíasueño
Type
Revisión
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 85 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1996

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References

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