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Clase social y tipo de esquizofrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

B. J. Gallagher III ,
B. J. Jones ,
J. A. McFalls Jr.  and
A. M. Pisa
B. J. Gallagher III
Affiliation:
Departamento de Sociología, Universidad de Villanova, Villanova, PA19085, EE.UU.
B. J. Jones
Affiliation:
Departamento de Sociología, Universidad de Villanova, Villanova, PA19085, EE.UU.
J. A. McFalls Jr.
Affiliation:
Departamento de Sociología, Universidad de Villanova, Villanova, PA19085, EE.UU.
A. M. Pisa
Affiliation:
Psicólogo clínico, Ejercicio privado de la profesión, EE.UU.
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Resumen

Objetivo

Investigaciones actuales y anteriores indican convincentemente una alta prevalencia de esquizofrenia en la clase baja en los EE.UU. y otras sociedades estratificadas. Hasta la fecha, ningún estudio ha sometido a examen la existencia de una conexión entre el tipo de esquizofrenia y el estatus socioeconómico (ESE). Examinamos la existencia de una interrelación entre el subtipo de esquizofrenia, el ESE y la raza.

Métodos

Se utilizaron escalas de síntomas positivos y negativos para evaluar a 436 pacientes esquizofrénicos en un hospital estatal en los EE.UU. Todos los pacientes recibieron también diagnóstico según las normas del DSM. La clase social de origen se evaluó por las Distribuciones de Clasificación Ocupacional de la Oficina del Censo de EE.UU. Se realizó un análisis multivariante con la χ2 de la razón de verosimilitud.

Resultados

Descubrimos una propensión de la esquizofrenia de déficit a ser elevada entre los pobres. El hallazgo se presenta como un efecto puro del ESE, ya que la probabilidad de la esquizofrenia de déficit no varía con la raza cuando la clase social se mantiene constante.

Conclusión

El hallazgo es potencialmente un descubrimiento nuevo e importante en la epidemiología de la esquizofrenia. Permite comprender mejor la deficiente evolución entre los pacientes de clase baja en sociedades estratificadas como los Estados Unidos. Es coherente también con investigaciones longitudinales de investigadores europeos.

Keywords

EsquizofreniaClase socialSubtipo de esquizofreniaEstatus socioeconómicoRazaSociedades estratificadasDe déficit/no de déficit
Type
Original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 13 , Issue 7 , October 2006 , pp. 329 - 334
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006

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