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Variables neuroquímicas en sujetos con trastorno adaptativo después de intento de suicidio
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
La investigación de los correlatos biológicos del comportamiento suicida es importante para identificar a los sujetos de alto riesgo. El objetivo de este estudio era examinar las variables neuroquímicas de la actividad de la MAO de las plaquetas y los niveles en la orina del MHPG, el 5HIAA y el HVA, los metabolitos principales de la noradrenalina, la serotonina y la dopamina, neurotransmisores a los que se considera implicados en la patofisiología del comportamiento suicida, así como el cortisol en plasma, en un grupo de sujetos con trastorno adaptativo después de un intento de suicidio. Se incluyó en el estudio a 53 pacientes, 42 mujeres y 11 varones, y se los comparó con un grupo de 50 controles sanos, 25 mujeres y 25 hombres. Se encontró que la actividad de la MAO de las plaquetas era significativamente más baja tanto en los pacientes masculinos como femeninos comparado con los controles del mismo sexo (P < 0,001 para ambas comparaciones). El 5HIAA y el HVA no fueron diferentes entre los pacientes y los controles, pero el MHPG fue significativamente más alto en el grupo de pacientes (P = 0,008). Además, los niveles de cortisol en plasma fueron significativamente más altos en los pacientes comparado con los controles (P < 0,001). Nuestros resultados confirman la hipótesis de la baja actividad de la MAO de las plaquetas como una característica biológica de los pacientes que intentan suicidarse. También señalan una posible activación paralela del sistema noradrenérgico.
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