No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Necesidad irresistible y otras características de la comorbilidad de la dependencia de alcohol y nicotina
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
Propósito
En este estudio transversal comparamos a fumadores dependientes de alcohol y fumadores no dependientes de alcohol con respecto a la intensidad de la dependencia de nicotina, las situaciones de necesidad irresistible, las perturbaciones del sueño, la comorbilidad con depresión mayor, las razones para fumar, las enfermedades somáticas acompañantes y la abstinencia prolongada de los pacientes del tabaco durante los 3 años que precedieron al estudio.
Sujetos y métodos
Se estudió a 51 fumadores dependientes de alcohol y 327 fumadores no dependientes de alcohol con diagnóstico de dependencia de la nicotina de la CIE-10 y el DSM-IV por medio del Test de Fagerström para Dependencia de Nicotina, el Cuestionario de Necesidad Irresistible-Riesgo de Recurrencia de Lübeck y la Tipología de Dependencia de Alcohol de Lesch (adaptadas ambas al tabaquismo).
Resultados
La intensidad de la dependencia de nicotina era más alta en los fumadores dependientes de alcohol comparado con los fumadores no dependientes de alcohol. Unas cuantas variables de todos los factores de necesidad irresistible (“estado de ánimo depresivo”, “estimulación”, “relajación”, “tensión provocada socialmente”) aumentaban significativamente en los pacientes dependientes de alcohol (P < 0,05). Los fumadores dependientes de alcohol mostraban síntomas depresivos y perturbaciones del sueño, mientras que los individuos no dependientes de alcohol fumaban sobre todo para liberar estrés y controlar el peso.
Discusión
Nuestro estudio demuestra que la intensidad de la dependencia de nicotina, varias situaciones de necesidad irresistible de nicotina, las perturbaciones del sueño y los síntomas de depresión parecen aumentar en los fumadores dependientes de alcohol comparado con los fumadores no dependientes de alcohol.
Conclusiones
Se espera que los factores de necesidad irresistible y las razones para fumar identificadas en este estudio contribuyan a una comprensión mejor de la tentación de fumar en los fumadores dependientes de alcohol y en los fumadores no dependientes de alcohol en el futuro.
- Type
- Artículo original
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006
References
Bibliografía
[1]Abrams, DBRohsenow, DJNiaura, RSPedraza, MLongabaugh, RBeattie, MC et al. Smoking and treatment outcome for alcohol dependent patients: effects on coping skills, urge to drink, and drinking rates. Behav Ther 1992;23:283–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: APA; 1994.Google Scholar
[3]Bagnardi, VBlangiardo, MLa Vecchia, CCorrao, GA meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2001;85(11): 1700–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[4]Barrett, SPBoileau, IOkker, JPihl, RODagher, AThe hedonic response to cigarette smoking is proportional to dopamine ralease in the human striatum as measured by positron emission tomography and [llC]raclopride. Synapse 2004;54(2):65–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5]Batel, PPessione, FMaitre, CRueff, BRelationship between adohol and tobacco dependencies among alcohol dependent patients who smoke. Dependence 1995;90(7):977–80.Google Scholar
[6]Bauman, APhongsavan, PEpidemiology of substance use in adolescents: prevalence, trends and policy implications. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999;55:187–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[7]Berlin, IVorspan, FWarot, DManeglier, BSpreux-Varoquaux, OEffect of glucose on tobacco craving. Is it mediated by tryptophan and serotonin? Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 178(1):27–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[8]Bien, THBurge, RSmoking and drinking: a review of the literatura. Int J Addict 1990;25(12): 1429–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[9]Burton, SMTiffany, STThe effect of alcohol consumption on craving to smoke. Dependence 1997;92(1): 15–26.Google ScholarPubMed
[10]Castellsague, XMunoz, NDe Stefani, EVictora, CGCastelletto, RRolon, PA et al. Independent and joint effects of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking on the risk of esophageal cancer in men and women. Int J Cancer 1999;82(5):657–64.3.0.CO;2-C>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[11]Chang, SOTypes of smoking temptation. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 2003;33(4):519–28.Google ScholarPubMed
[12]Collins, ACBurch, JBDe Fiebre, CMMarks, MJTolerance to and cross tolerance between ethanol and nicotine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1988;29(2):365–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[13]Crum, RMFord, DEStorr, CLChan, YFAssociation of sleep disturbance with chronicity and remission of alcohol dependence: data from a population-based prospective study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004;28(10): 1533–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[14]Crum, RMStorr, CLChan, YFFord, DESleep disturbance and risk for alcohol-related problems. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161:1197–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[15]Currie, SRHodgins, DCel-Guebaly, NCampbell, WInfluence of dépréssion and gender on smoking expectancies and temptations in alcohol dépendent patients in early recovery. J Subst Abuse 2001 ;13(4):443–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16]Daeppen, JBSmith, TLDanko, GPGordon, LLandi, NANurnberger, JI Jr. et al. Clinical correlates of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence in alcohol-dependent men and woraen. The Collaborative Study Group on the Genetics of Alcohol dependence. Alcohol Alcohol 2000;35(2): 171–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17]Dilling, HMombour, WSchmidt, MH1CD- 10, Kap V, Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Storungen. Haber, Bern, Gottingen, Toronto, Seattle;: WHO; 1993.Google Scholar
[18]Fagerstrom, KOMeasuring degree of physical dependence to tobacco smoking with reference to individualization of treatment. Addict Behav 1978;3(34):235–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[19]Fagerstrom, KOSchneider, NGMeasuring nicotine dependence: a review of the Fagerstrom Tolerante Questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989;12(2): 159–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[20]Gritz, ERNielsen, IRBrooks, LASmoking cessation and gender: the influence of physiological, psychological and behavioural factors. J Am Med Womens Assoc 1996;51(1 - 2):35–42.Google Scholar
[21]Gulliver, SBRohsenow, DJColby, SMDey, ANAbrams, DBNiaura, RS et al. Interrelanonship of smoking and alcohol dependence, use and urges to use. J Stud Alcohol 1995;56(2);202–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[22]Guthrie, SKNi, LZubieta, JKTeter, CJDomino, EFChanges in craving for a cigarette and arterial nicotine plasma concentrations in abstinent smokers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004;28(4):617–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[23]Heatherton, TFKozlowski, LTFrecker, RCFagerstrom, KOThe Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerante Questionnaire. Br J Addict 1991 ;86(9): 1119–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24]Henningfield, JEChait, LDGriffiths, RREffects of ethanol on cigarette smoking by volunteers without histories of alcohol dependence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1984;82(1 -2): 1 -5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25]Henningfield, JEHeishman, SJThe addictive role of nicotine in tobacco use. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 117(1): 11–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[26]Hitsman, BAbrams, DBShadel, WGNiaura, RBorrelli, BEmmons, KM et al. Depressive symptoms and readiness to quit smoking among cigarette smokers in outpatient alcohol treatment. Psychol Addict Behav 2002; 16(3):264–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[27]John, UHanke, MTobacco smoking- and alcohol drinking attributable cancer mortality in Germany. Eur J Cancer Prev 2002;11(1): 11–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[28]John, UHill, ARumpf, HJHapke, UMeyer, CAlcohol high risk drinking, abuse and dependence among tobacco smoking medical care patients and the general population. Drug Alcohol Depend 2003;69(2): 189–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[29]John, UMeyer, CRumpf, HJHapke, UProbabilities of alcohol high-risk drinking, abuse or dependence estimated on grounds of tobacco smoking and nicotine dependence. Dependence 2003;98(6):805–14Google ScholarPubMed
[30]Kendler, KSNeale, MCMacLean, CJHeath, ACEaves, LJKessler, RCSmoking and major depression. A causal analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(l):36–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[31]Lesch, OMKefer, JLentner, SMader, RMarx, BMusalek, M et al. Diagnosis of chronic alcohol dependence—classificatory problems. Psychopathology 1990;23(2):88–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[32]Lesch, OMDvorak, AHertling, IKlingler, AKunze, MRamskogler, K et al. The Austrian multicentre study on smoking: subgroups of nicotine dependence and their craving. Neuropsychobiology 2004;50:78–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[33]Madden, PABucholz, KKDinwiddie, SHSlutske, WSBierut, LJStatham, DJ et al. Nicotine withdrawal in women. Dependence 1997;92(7):889–902.Google ScholarPubMed
[34]Marks, JLHill, EMPomerleau, CSMudd, SABlow, FCNicotine dependence and withdrawal in alcoholic and nonalcoholic ever-smokers. J Subst Abuse Treat 1997;14(6):521–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[35]Miller, NSGold, MSComorbid cigarette and alcohol dependence: epidemiology and treatment. Addict Dis 1998; 17(1):55–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[36]Narahashi, TSoderpalm, BEricson, MOlausson, PEngel, JAZhang, X et al. Mechanisms of alcohol-nicotine interactions: alcohol dependent patients versus smokers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001 ;25(5 Suppl. ISBRA):152S–156S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[37]Pomerleau, CSAubin, HJPomerleau, OFSelf-reported alcohol use patterns in a sample of male and female heavy smokers. Addict Dis 1997;16(3): 19–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[38]Pomerleau, CSPomerleau, OFThe effects of a psychological stressor on cigarette smoking and subsequent behavioral and physiological responses. Psychophysiology 1987;24(3):278–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[39]Rohsenow, DJMonti, PMColby, SMGulliver, SBSirota, ADNiaura, RS et al. Effects of alcohol eues on smoking urges and topography among alcoholic men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1997;21(1): 101–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[40]Tupala, ETiihonen, JDopamine and alcoholism: neurobiological basis of ethanol abuse. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004;28(8): 1221–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[41]Vartiainen, ESeppala, TLillsunde, PPuska, PValidation of self reportad smoking by serum cotinine measurement in a community-based study. Epidemiol Community Health 2002;56(3): 167–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[42]Veltrup, CAssessment of “craving” in alcoholic patients using a new questionnaire (Lübeck Craving-Recurrence Risk Questiounaire). Wien Klin Wochenschr 1994; 106(3):75–9.Google Scholar
[43]Verheul, RVan den Brink, WGeerlings, PA three-pathway psychobiological model of craving for alcohol. Alcohol Alcohol 1999;34(2): 197–222.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[44]Wise, RAThe neurobiology of craving: implications for the understanding and treatment of dependence. J Abnorm Psychol 1988;97(2): 118–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[45]Zacny, JPBehavioral aspects of alcohol-tobacco interactions. Recent Dev Alcohol 1990;8:205–19.Google ScholarPubMed