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Investigación sobre los trastornos mentales y su asistencia en poblaciones inmigrantes: una revisión de publicaciones de Alemania, Italia y el Reino Unido

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Dirk Claassen ,
Micol Ascoli ,
Tzeggai Berhe  and
Stefan Priebe
Dirk Claassen
Affiliation:
Unidad para Psiquiatría Social y Comunitaria, Queen Mary (Universidad de Londres), Centro Newham para la Salud Mental, Glen Road, Plaistow, Londres E I3 8SP, Reino Unido
Micol Ascoli
Affiliation:
Instituto Italiano de Salud Mental Transcultural, Roma, Italia
Tzeggai Berhe
Affiliation:
Clínica Psiquiátrica, Universidad de Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Gϋnzbur, Alemania
Stefan Priebe
Affiliation:
Unidad para Psiquiatría Social y Comunitaria, Queen Mary (Universidad de Londres), Centro Newham para la Salud Mental, Glen Road, Plaistow, Londres E I3 8SP, Reino Unido
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Resumen

Objetivo

La revisión intenta identificar la extensión y naturaleza de la investigación sobre los trastornos mentales y su asistencia en poblaciones inmigrantes en tres países europeos importantes con altos niveles de inmigración, a saber: Alemania, Italia y el Reino Unido.

Método

Se analizaron publicaciones revisadas por iguales de los tres países sobre la materia entre 1996 y 2004. Se evaluó las preguntas de investigación estudiadas, los métodos utilizados y los resultados obtenidos.

Resultados

Se encontraron trece artículos que comunicaban estudios empíricos de Alemania, cuatro de Italia y 95 del Reino Unido. Los estudios analizaban diversas preguntas de investigación y, con mucha frecuencia, evaluaban las tasas de utilización de los servicios en grupos inmigrantes diferentes. El hallazgo más uniforme es una tasa más alta de ingresos hospitalarios para los pacientes afro-caribeños en el Reino Unido. Muchos estudios tenían limitaciones metodológicas importantes, con el tamaño de muestra pequeño y la falta de especificación de los criterios de inclusión.

Discusión

A pesar de la inmigración en gran escala en cada uno de los tres países estudiados, la cantidad de publicaciones de investigación pertinentes varía mucho, con un nivel relativamente alto de investigación empírica en el Reino Unido. Las posibles razones para esto son una cultura por lo general más fuerte de investigación de los servicios de salud mental y un número más alto de investigadores descendientes de inmigrantes en el Reino Unido.

Conclusión

En conjunto, la base probatoria para guiar el desarrollo de los servicios de salud mental para las poblaciones inmigrantes parece limitada. La investigación futura requiere financiación apropiada, debe ser de calidad metodológica suficiente y puede beneficiarse de la colaboración a través de Europa.

Keywords

MigraciónGrupos inmigrantesTrastornos mentalesAsistencia sanitaria mentalInvestigación de los servicios sanitarios.
Type
Revisión
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 13 , Issue 4 , May 2006 , pp. 177 - 186
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006

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