Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T16:55:33.468Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evolución de los pacientes en la esquizofrenia II: el impacto de la cognicién

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Alex Hofer ,
Susanne Baumgartner ,
Thomas Bodner ,
Monika Edlinger ,
Martina Hummer ,
Georg Kemmler ,
Maria A. Rettenbacher  and
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Alex Hofer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Susanne Baumgartner
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Thomas Bodner
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Monika Edlinger
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Martina Hummer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Georg Kemmler
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Maria A. Rettenbacher
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Get access

Resumen

Antecedentes

Se considera cada vez más que la disfunción cognitiva es el predictor clínico más fuerte de mala evolución a largo plazo en la esquizofrenia. Se han encontrado asociaciones entre la gravedad de los déficit cognitivos y la disfunción social, la afectación de la vida independiente, las limitaciones ocupacionales y las perturbaciones en la calidad de vida (CdV).

Métodos

En este estudio transversal, se examinó las relaciones de los déficit cognitivos y el resultado del tratamiento desde el punto de vista de la CdV, las necesidades y el funcionamiento psicosocial en 60 pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia que tenían una duración de la enfermedad de más de 2 años y habían recibido tratamiento con clozapina u olanzapina durante al menos 6 meses.

Resultados

El presente estudio indica que el funcionamiento cognitivo podría ser un predictor de la evolución en el funcionamiento laboral/vida independiente en los pacientes estabilizados con esquizofrenia: los déficit de memoria visual y memoria operativa se asociaban negativamente con el funcionamiento ocupacional, y los pacientes mayores vivían independientemente, en pareja estable o ambas cosas más a menudo. Las evaluaciones de los pacientes de la CdV y las necesidades de asistencia no mostraron asociaciones significativas con el funcionamiento cognitivo.

Discusión

Estos hallazgos indican que el funcionamiento cognitivo es un determinante clave del funcionamiento laboral/vida independiente para los pacientes ambulatorios estables con esquizofrenia.

Keywords

EsquizofreniaCogniciónEvoluciónNecesidadesCalidad de vidaEmpleo
Type
Artículo Original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , March 2006 , pp. 86 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliografía

[1]Addington, J, Addington, DNeurocognitive and social functioning in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1999;25:173-82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]Aschenberger, S, Tucher, O, Lange, KWRegensburger Wortflussigkeits- Test. Gottingen: Hogrefe Verlag für Psychologie; 2000.Google Scholar
[3]Benton, AS, Spreen, ODer Benton Test. Handbuch: 7. Auflage; 1996.Google Scholar
[4]Brekke, JS, Levin, S, Wolkon, G, Sobel, G, Slade, BPsychosocial functioning and subjective experience in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:599–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5]Brekke, JS, Kohrt, B, Green, MFNeuropsychological functioning as a moderator of the relationship between psychosocial functioning and the subjective experience of self and life in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2001;27:697–708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Browne, S, Roe, M, Lane, A, Gervin, M, Morris, M, Kinsella, A et al. Quality of life in schizophrenia: relationship to sociodemographic factors, symptomatology, and tardive dyskinesia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996;94:118-24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[7]Corrigan, PW, Reinke, RR, Landsberger, SA, Charate, A, Toombs, GAThe effects of atypical antipsychotic medications on psychosocial outcomes. Schizophr Res 2003;63:97–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[8]Delis, DC, Kramer, JH, Kaplan, E, Ober, BACalifornia verbal learning and memory test (Manual). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation; 1987.Google Scholar
[9]Dillon, WR, Goldstein, MMultivariate analysis. Methods and applications. New York: Wiley; 1984.Google Scholar
[10]Fleischhacker, WWPharmacological treatment of schizophrenia: a review. In: Maj, M, Sartorius, N editors. Schizophrenia. WPA Series evidence and experience in psychiatry. Chichester, NY, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto: Wiley; 2002. p. 75–113.Google Scholar
[11]Green, MEWhat are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia? Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:321-30.Google Scholar
[12]Green, MF, Kern, RS, Braff, DL, Mintz, JNeurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: are we measuring the “right stuff”? Schizophr Bull 2000;26:119-36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[13]Hamilton, SH, Edgell, ET, Revicki, DA, Breier, AFunctional outcomes in schizophrenia: a comparison of olanzapine and haloperidol in a European sample. Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;15:245-55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14]Harvey, PD, Green, MF, Keefe, RSE, Velligan, DICognitive functioning in schizophrenia: a consensus statement on its role in the definition and evaluation of effective treatments for the illness. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:361-72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[15]Heaton, RK, Chelune, GJ, Taley, JL, Kay, GG, Curtiss, GWisconsin Card Sorting Test manual: revised and expended. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 1993.Google Scholar
[16]Hofer, A, Kemmler, G, Eder, U, Edlinger, M, Hummer, M, Fleischhacker, WWQuality of life in schizophrenia: the impact of psychopathology, drug attitude and side effects. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:932-9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[17]Hofer, A, Baumgartner, S, Edlinger, M, Hummer, M, Kemmler, G, Rettenbacher, MA et al. Patient outcomes in schizophrenia I: the impact of sociodemographic variables, psychopathology, and side effects. Eur Psychiatry 2005;20 (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[18]Karow, A, Naber, DSubjective well-being and quality of life under atypical antipsychotic treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2002;162:3–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[19]Kay, SR, Fiszbein, A, Opler, LAThe Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987;13:261-76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[20]Kemmler, G, Holzner, B, Neudorfer, C, Meise, U, Hinterhuber, HGeneral life satisfaction and domain-specific quality of life in chronic schizophrenic patients. Qual Life Res 1997;6:265-73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[21]Landau, S, Everitt, BSA handbook of statistical analyses using SPSS. London: Chapman and Hall; 2004.Google Scholar
[22]Lehrl, SManual zum MWT-B. Erlangen: Verlag Dr. med. D. Straube; 1977.Google Scholar
[23]Leung, A, Chue, PSex differences in schizophrenia, a review of the literature. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000;101:3–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24]Lindenmayer, JP, Bernstein-Hyman, R, Grochowski, SFive-factor modal of schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 1994;182:631-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25]Lindenmayer, JP, Grochowski, S, Hyman, RBFive factor model of schizophrenia: replication across samples. Schizophr Res 1995;14:229-34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[26]Littrell, KH, Petty, RG, Hilligoss, NM, Kirshner, CD, Johnson, CGImprovement in social cognition in patients with schizophrenia associated with treatment with olanzapine. Schizophr Res 2004;66:201-2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[27]McGurk, S, Moriarty, PJ, Harvey, PD, Parrella, M, White, L, Davis, KLThe longitudinal relationship of clinical symptoms, cognitive functioning, and adaptive life in geriatric schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2000;42:47–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[28]Priebe, S, Heinze, M, Jäkel, ABerliner Bedürfnisinventar (BeBI). Berlin: Abteilung fur Sozialpsychiatrie, FU; 1993.Google Scholar
[29]Rempfer, MV, Hamera, EK, Brown, CE, Cromwell, RLThe relations between cognition and the independent living skill of shopping in people with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2003;117:103-12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[30]Sartorius, N, Fleischhacker, WW, Gjerris, U, Kern, U, Knapp, M, Leonard, BE et al. The usefulness and use of second generation antipsychotic medications—an update. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2003;16(Suppl l):1–44.Google Scholar
[31]Sharma, T, Antonova, LCognitive function in schizophrenia. Deficits, functional consequences, and future treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2003;26:25–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[32]Sharma, T, Hughes, C, Soni, W, Kumari, VCognitive effects of olanzapine and clozapine treatment in chronic schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2003;169:398–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[33]Slade, M, Thornicroft, G, Loftus, L, Phelan, M, Wykes, TCAN: Camberwell Assessment of Need Scales. London: Gaskell; 1999.Google Scholar
[34]The WHOQOL Group. Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med 1998;28:551-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[35]Velligan, DI, Mahurin, RK, Diamond, PL, Hazleton, BC, Eckert, SL, Miller, ALThe functional significance of symptomatology and cognitive function in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1997;25:21–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[36]Velligan, DI, Bow-Thomas, CC, Mahurin, RK, Miller, AL, Halgunseth, LCDo specific neurocognitive deficits predict specific domains of community function in schizophrenia? J Nerv Ment Dis 2000;188:518-24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[37]Weiden, P, Mackell, J In: Lecture held at the 152nd Annual Meeting of the APA, Washington, DC. 1999 May 15-20.Google Scholar
[38]Weiss, EM, Bilder, RM, Fleischhacker, WWThe effects of secondgeneration antipsychotics on cognitive functioning and psychosocial outcome in schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2002;162:11-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[39]Zimmermann, P, Fimm, BTestbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprufung (TAP), Version 1.7. Herzogemath: Vera Fimm/Psychologische Testsysteme. 2002.Google Scholar