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Disfunción Fisiológica y Cognitiva en Pacientes con Crisis de Angustia en el Período Entre Crisis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

L. Dratcu  and
A. Bond
L. Dratcu
Affiliation:
Guy's Hospital, Escuelas Médicay Dental, Clínica de York, 47 Weston Street, LondresSE1 3RR
A. Bond
Affiliation:
Sección de Psicofarmacología Clínica, Instituto de Psiquiatría, King's College, Londres, Reino Unido
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Resumen

Se afirma que las crisis de angustia [panic attacks] y el efecto contra la angustia de los antidepresivos distinguen el trastorno de angustia (TA, panic disorder) del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG). Sin embargo, la mayoría de estudios que muestran perturbaciones neuroquímicas en el TA pasan por alto el período entre crisis. Comparamos a pacientes con trastorno de angustia en el período entre crisis con controles en medidas bioquímicas, psicológicas y fisiológicas. No hubo diferencias en las pruebas neuroendocrinas. Los pacientes realizaron autoevaluaciones de los síntomas corporales y psicológicos de ansiedad significativamente más altas y puntuaron peor en el recuerdo de palabras. Los pacientes tenían significativamente más fluctuaciones de la conductancia de la piel y más actividad de ondas lentas en el electroencefalograma, un signo de hiperventilación que puede tener implicaciones para la actividad cerebral. Las discrepancias entre las autoevaluaciones de los pacientes y las medidas objetivas de la tasa de pulso y el rendimiento psicomotor indicaron que los pacientes con TA tienen percepciones distorsionadas tanto del funcionamiento físico como del mental. La hiperventilación y las distorsiones cognitivas en los períodos entre crisis pueden facilitar las crisis de angustia y son parte de la patofisiología del trastorno.

Keywords

trastorno de angustiadistorsión cognitivahiperventilaciónelectroencefalogramatrastornos de ansiedad
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 5 , Issue 5 , June 1998 , pp. 319 - 329
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1998

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References

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