Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T00:23:17.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Definición de la dependencia de benzodiacepinas: la confusión persiste

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

S. M. Linsen ,
F. G. Zitman  and
M. H. M. Breteler
S. M. Linsen
Affiliation:
Departamentos de Psiquiatría
F. G. Zitman
Affiliation:
Departamentos de Psiquiatría
M. H. M. Breteler
Affiliation:
Psicología Clínica, Universidad Católica de Nimega, Nimega, Países Bajos
Get access

Resumen

Existe poco consenso sobre el riesgo de dependencia de las benzodiacepinas (BZD). Investigamos con qué frecuencia se han definido la dependencia de BZD y conceptos relacionados en las publicaciones sobre los efectos de las BZD en humanos. Además, se compararon las definiciones de dependencia de las BZD a fin de evaluar la similitud de contenido. De un total de 250 artículos (publicados entre 1988 y 1991), 51 proporcionaron 126 definiciones relacionadas con la dependencia. Seis estudios se referían a las definiciones del DSM y uno, a la definición de la OMS. El concepto obsoleto de adicción se definía con frecuencia (n = 13), con poco consenso sobré su significado. La dependencia psicológica y física se definieron bastante a menudo (n = 29), también con niveles bajos de consenso. Concluimos que se prestaría un gran servicio a la discusión sobre el riesgo de dependencia de las BZD intentando mejorar primero el consenso. Esto puede llevar a datos más significativos sobre la incidencia, prevalencia y co-factores pertinentes de la dependencia de BZD. Se presenta un perfil para criterios para dependencia de las BZD.

Keywords

benzodiacepinasdependencia de sustanciasadicciónrevisión
Type
Informe de caso
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , February 1996 , pp. 30 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd Ed. Washington: American Psychiatric Association, 1980.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd edition revised. Washington: American Psychiatric Association, 1987.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. APA task force report on benzodiazepine dependence, toxicity and abuse. Washington: American Psychiatric Association, 1990.Google Scholar
Anitto, WJ. Alcoholics’ use of benzodiazepines (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1989; 46: 636–84.Google Scholar
Busto, UE, Sellers, EM. Anxiolytics and sedative hypnotic dependence. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 1647–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DuPont, RL. Choosing the right treatment for the patient with anxiety. Mod Med 1992; 60: 64–76.Google Scholar
Famsworth, MG. Benzodiazepine abuse and dependence: mis-conceptions and facts. J Family Pract 1990; 31: 393–400.Google Scholar
Geiselmann, B, Linden, M, Sachs, G, Ericsson, N. Benzodiazepine prescriptions and therapist non compliance. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 1989; 239: 180–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gottschalk, LA. Affective and cognitive problems with the benzodiazepines (letter). J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988; 8: 223–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaffe, JH. Trivializing dependence. Br J Addict 1900; 85: 1425–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juergens, SM. Benzodiazepines and addiction. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1993; 16: 75–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kräupl Taylor, F. The damnation of the benzodiazepines. Br J Psychiatry 1989; 154: 697–704.Google Scholar
Lader, M. Benzodiazepine dependence. Int Rev Psychiatry 1989; 1: 149–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladewig, D, Grossenbacher, H. Benzodiazepine abuse in patients of doctors in domiciliary practice in the Basle area. Pharmacopsychiat 1988; 21: 104–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marks, I. Reply to comments on “behavioural (non-chemical) addictions”. Br J Addict 1990; 85: 1429–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, J. The benzodiazepines. Use, Overuse, misuse. Lancaster: MTP Press, 1978.Google Scholar
Miller, NS, Gold, MS. Identification and treatment of benzodiazepine abuse. Am Fam Phys 1989; 40: 175–83.Google ScholarPubMed
Miller, NS, Gold, MS. Benzodiazepines: tolerance, dependence, abuse and addiction. J Psychoact Drugs 1990a; 22: 23–33.Google Scholar
Miller, NS, Gold, MS. Benzodiazepines: reconsidered. Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse 1990b; 8: 67–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noyes, R, Garvey, MJ, Cook, BL, Perry, PJ. Benzodiazepine withdrawal: a review of the evidence. J Clin Psychiatry 1988; 49: 382–9.Google Scholar
Rifkin, A. Benzodiazepines for anxiety disorders. Are the concems justified? Postgrad Med 1990; 87: 209–20.Google Scholar
Rinaldi, RC, Steindler, EM, Wilford, BB, Goodwin, D. Clarification and standardization of substance abuse terminology. JAMA 1988; 259: 555–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roache, JD. Addiction potential of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine anxiolytics. Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse 1990; 9: 103–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosenbaum, JF, Pattison, JF, Mundjack, DJ, Pollack, MH, Sachs, GS. Questions and discussions. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51 (suppl): 50–3.Google Scholar
Roy Byrne, PP, Hommer, D. Benzodiazepine withdrawal: overview and implications for the treatment of anxiety. Am J Med 1988; 84: 1041–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salzman, C. The APA task force report on benzodiazepine dependence, toxicity, and abuse. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 151–2.Google Scholar
Sussman, N. Treating anxiety while minimizing abuse and dependence. J Clin Psychiatry 1993; 5 (suppl): 44–51.Google Scholar
Talley, JH. But what if a patient gets hooked? Fallacies about long term use of benzodiazepines. Postgrad Med 1990; 87: 187–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teboul, E, Chouinard, G. A guide to benzodiazepine selection. Part I: Pharmacological aspects. Can J Psychiatry 1990; 35: 700–10.Google ScholarPubMed
Teboul, E, Chouinard, G. A guide to benzodiazepine selection. Part II: Clinical aspects. Can J Psychiatry 1991; 36: 62–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tyrer, P, Murphy, S, Riley, P. The benzodiazepine withdrawal symptom questionnaire. J Aff Disord 1990; 19: 53–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Uhlenhuth, EH, DeWitt, H, Balter, MB, Johanson, CE. Risks and benefits of long term benzodiazepine use. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988; 8: 161–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed