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Cultural Images of Labor Conflict and Coordination: Literature and the Evolution of Industrial Relations Systems
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 January 2022
Abstract
Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands have different historical patterns of industrialization, but developed similar patterns of industrial coordination and cooperation. Theories accounting for industrial relations systems (economic structure, power resources, and party/electoral systems) have difficulty accounting for the similarities among these cases. Therefore, we explore the historical depictions of labor appearing in literature to evaluate whether cross-national distinctions in cultural conceptions of labor have some correspondence to distinctions between coordinated and liberal industrial relations systems. We hypothesize that historical literary depictions of labor are associated with the evolution of industrial systems, and apply computational text analyses to large corpora of literary texts. We find that countries (Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands) with coordinated, corporatist industrial relations in the 20th century share similar cultural constructions about labor relations dating back to at least 1770. Literary depictions found in modern coordinated/corporatist countries are significantly different from those found in Britain, a country with liberal/pluralist industrial relations systems. The research has significance for our understanding of the role of culture in the evolution of modern political economies.
Résumé
Le Danemark, la Suède et les Pays-Bas ont des modèles historiques d’industrialisation différents, mais ont développé des modèles similaires de coordination et de coopération industrielles. Les théories qui rendent compte des systèmes de relations industrielles (structure économique, power resources et systèmes partisans/électoraux) peinent à expliquer les similitudes entre ces cas. Nous explorons donc les représentations historiques du travail apparaissant dans la littérature pour évaluer si les distinctions transnationales dans les conceptions culturelles du travail correspondent aux distinctions entre les systèmes de relations industrielles coordonnés et libéraux. Nous émettons l’hypothèse que les représentations littéraires historiques du travail sont associées à l’évolution des systèmes industriels et appliquons des analyses textuelles informatiques à de grands corpus de textes littéraires. Nous constatons que les pays ayant des relations industrielles coordonnées et corporatistes au xxe siècle (Danemark, Suède et Pays-Bas) partagent des constructions culturelles similaires sur les relations de travail remontant à au moins 1770. Les représentations littéraires trouvées dans les pays coordonnés/corporatistes modernes sont significativement différentes de celles trouvées en Grande-Bretagne, un pays avec des systèmes de relations industrielles libérales/pluralistes. Ce travail améliore notre compréhension du rôle de la culture dans l’évolution des économies politiques modernes.
Zusammenfassung
Obwohl die Industrialisierung in Dänemark, Schweden und die Niederlande historisch gesehen unterschiedlichen Mustern folgte, entwickelten sich in diesen Ländern ähnliche Strukturen der industriellen Koordinierung und Kooperation. Diese Ähnlichkeiten lassen sich nur schwer anhand der bestehenden Theorien der Industriellen Beziehungen (die sich auf Wirtschaftsstrukturen, Machtressourcen und Parteiensysteme beziehen) erklären. Wir untersuchen daher die historisch-literarische Darstellung von Arbeit um herauszufinden, ob Unterschiede in der kulturellen Darstellung des Arbeitslebens mit der Formierung liberaler oder koordinierter Systeme der Industriellen Bezeigungen einhergehen. Wir erwarten, dass die historisch-literarische Darstellung von Arbeit die Evolution von Systemen der Industriellen Beziehungen prägt. Wir nutzen computergestützte Textanalysen, um ein großes Volumen literarischer Texte zu analysieren. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Länder mit korporatistischen/koordinierten Industriellen Beziehungen(Schweden, Dänemark und die Niederlande) große Gemeinsamkeiten in der kulturellen Konstruktion von Arbeit aufweisen, die mindestens bis in das späte 18 Jahrhundert zurückreichen. Die historisch-literarischen Darstellungen von Arbeit in korporatistischen/koordinierten Systemen unterscheiden sich grundlegend von denen in Großbritannien, ein Land mit einem liberal/pluralistischen System der Industriellen Beziehungen. Unsere Forschung trägt dazu bei, die Bedeutung kultureller Faktoren für die Entwicklung moderner politökonomischer Ordnungen zu verstehen.
Keywords
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie , Volume 62 , Issue 3 , December 2021 , pp. 381 - 419
- Copyright
- © European Journal of Sociology 2022
Footnotes
The authors thank for their generous funding the National Endowment for the Humanities (Grant #20200128124651855), Boston University Hariri Institute (Research Award #2016–03-008), and Boston University Center for the Humanities. We also thank Ben Getschell and Andrei Lapets for their programming assistance and HathiTrust, Arkiv af Dansk Litteratur, Litteraturbanken and the Digital Library for Dutch Literature at the National Library of the Netherlands for files. We thank for their thoughtful comments Jens Beckert, Lyn Spillman, Michele Lamont, Philip Rathgeb, Klaus Petersen, Pieter Vanhuysse, Thomas Paster, Thomas Bredgaard, Karen Andersen, Sebastian Kohl, Marco Hauptmeier, Leon Gooberman, Martin Bæk Christensen, Christian Lyhne Ibsen, Patrick Emmenegger, Elisabeth Møller, Jim Milkey and our anonymous reviewers.
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