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Enough is enough: the UK Prevent Strategy and normative invalidation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2018

Michelle Bentley
Michelle Bentley*
Affiliation:
Politics and International Relations, Royal Holloway, University of London
*
*Corresponding author. Author’s email: [email protected]
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Abstract

The clash between national security and civil rights comprises one of the most controversial aspects of counter-radicalisation strategy. Analysts present this as a conflict between the need for restrictive security measures (for example, surveillance) and the need to uphold civil liberties (for example, privacy and freedom of speech). In responding to this dilemma, the article examines how this binary normative struggle impacts on the rhetorical presentation of counter-radicalisation policies – in particular, the UK Prevent Strategy and the rhetoric employed by UK Prime Minister and former Home Secretary, Theresa May. It argues that the normative environment has obliged May to construct rhetoric within the context of, what is termed here, normative invalidation. In facing two comparably compelling and related norms of action, May is necessarily required to invalidate or neutralise any norm not adhered to as an essential characteristic of rhetorical strategy. This is discussed in relation to the Strategic Narratives paradigm.

Keywords

Counter-RadicalisationPreventTheresa MayNormative TheoryStrategic NarrativesTerrorism
Type
Research Article
Information
European Journal of International Security , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , October 2018 , pp. 326 - 343
Copyright
© British International Studies Association 2018 

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75 Theresa May in ‘Counter-Terrorism and Security Bill’, House of Commons, Hansard 589 (2 December 2015).

76 May, ‘Second COBR meeting’.

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78 May, ‘CONTEST speech’; May in ‘Extremism’; May, ‘Council on Foreign Relations’; May, ‘Home Secretary Theresa May on counter-terrorism’; May, ‘Speech to the Conservative Party Conference 2014’; Theresa May, ‘Brussels Terrorist Attack’, House of Commons, Hansard 607 (23 March 2016); May, ‘Downing Street following the terrorist attack in Manchester’.

79 May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’.

80 Theresa May, ‘Theresa May: Speech in Dudley 22nd April 2017’, Conservatives.com (22 April 2017), available at: {http://press.conservatives.com/post/159865695365/theresa-may-speech-in-dudley-22nd-april-2017} accessed 16 May 2018.

81 Tsoukala, ‘Light of security’.

82 May, ‘Downing Street following the terrorist attack in Manchester’.

83 May, ‘CONTEST speech’.

84 May, ‘We must work together to defeat terrorism’.

85 May, ‘Counter-Terrorism and Security Bill’. See also May, ‘Extremism’; May, ‘Speech to the Conservative Party Conference 2014’; May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’; Theresa May, ‘A stronger Britain, built on our values’, gov.uk (23 March 2015), available at: {https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/a-stronger-britain-built-on-our-values} accessed 16 May 2018.

86 May, ‘Brussels Terrorist Attack’.

87 Theresa May, ‘PM Statement at the G7 Summit in Sicily: 26 May 2017’, gov.uk (26 May 2017), available at: {https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-statement-at-the-g7-summit-in-sicily-26-may-2017} accessed 16 May 2018.

88 Jeffrie G. Murphy, ‘The killing of the innocent’, The Monist, 57:4 (1973), p. 527.

89 May, ‘A stronger Britain, built on our values’.

90 May, ‘PM Commons Statement on Westminster Attack’.

91 Theresa May, ‘Terrorism’, House of Commons, Hansard 532 (12 September 2011).

92 May, ‘Brussels Terrorist Attack’.

93 May, ‘Speech to the Conservative Party Conference 2014’.

94 May, ‘A stronger Britain, built on our values’; May, ‘Brussels Terrorist Attack’.

95 Michelle Bentley, ‘Recognition making response: Preventing far right extremism and radicalisation’, in Baker-Beall, Heath-Kelly, and Jarvis (eds), Counter-Radicalisation, pp. 102–22.

96 May, ‘Prevent Strategy’. See also Theresa May, ‘Radical new Prevent Strategy launched’, gov.uk (8 June 2011), available at: {https://www.gov.uk/government/news/radical-new-prevent-strategy-launched} accessed 16 May 2018; May, ‘Extremism’; May, ‘Speech to the Conservative Party Conference 2014’; May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’; May, ‘PM Commons Statement on Westminster Attack’; May, ‘Second COBR meeting’.

97 Lionel K. McPherson, ‘The instability of “executive discretion”’, Nomos, 50 (2011), p. 144.

98 May, ‘A stronger Britain, built on our values’.

99 This statement of othering draws on the work of Anastassia Tsoukala, ‘Boundary-creating processes and the social construction of threat’, Alternatives, 33:2 (2008), p. 143.

100 May, ‘Theresa May speech in full’.

101 As per Holmes, Baker, and Aradau above.

102 Theresa May, ‘Home Secretary’s defence and security lecture’, gov.uk (24 June 2014), available at: {https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/home-secretarys-defence-and-security-lecture} accessed 16 May 2018.

103 Ibid.

104 May, ‘Prevent Strategy’.

105 Theresa May, ‘Terrorism: Home Secretary’s speech to the Council on Foreign Relations’, gov.uk (16 September 2011), available at: {https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/terrorism-home-secretarys-speech-to-the-council-on-foreign-relations} accessed 16 May 2018.

106 May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’.

107 May, ‘Theresa May speech in full’.

108 Alan Travis, ‘Theresa May announces reform of stop-and-search powers’, The Guardian (30 April 2014), available at: {https://www.theguardian.com/law/2014/apr/30/theresa-may-reform-police-stop-and-search-powers} accessed 16 May 2018.

109 May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’.

110 May, ‘Counter-Terrorism and Security Bill’; May, ‘Home Secretary Theresa May on counter-terrorism’; May, ‘We must work together to defeat terrorism’.

111 May, ‘Terrorist Attacks (Paris)’.

112 May, ‘Brussels Terrorist Attack’.