Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:42:30.788Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

How Non-Linear Scaling Relations Unify Dwarf and Giant Elliptical Galaxies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2011

M. Koleva ,
Ph. Prugniel ,
I. Vauglin  and
A.W. Graham
A.W. Graham*
Affiliation:
Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
*
e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Dwarf elliptical galaxies are frequently excluded from bright galaxy samples because they do not follow the same linear relations in diagrams involving effective half light radii, Re, or mean effective surface brightnesses, ⟨μ⟩e. However, using two linear relations which unite dwarf and bright elliptical galaxies we explain how these lead to curved relations when one introduces either Re or ⟨μ⟩e. In particular, the curved ⟨μ⟩e − Re relation is derived here. This and other previously misunderstood curved relations, once heralded as evidence for a discontinuity between faint and bright elliptical galaxies at MB ≈ −18 mag, actually support the unification of such galaxies as a single population whose structure (i.e. stellar concentration) varies continuously with stellar luminosity and mass.

Type
Research Article
Information
European Astronomical Society Publications Series , Volume 48: CRAL-2010 A Universe of Dwarf Galaxies , 2011 , pp. 231 - 236
Copyright
© EAS, EDP Sciences, 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andredakis, Y.C., Peletier, R.F., & Balcells, M., 1995, MNRAS, 275, 874CrossRef
Baldry, I.K., Glazebrook, K., Brinkmann, J., et al., 2004, ApJ, 600, 681CrossRef
Begelman, M.C., Blandford, R.D., & Rees, M.J., 1980, Nature, 287, 307CrossRef
Bender, R., 1988, A&A, 193, L7PubMed
Bernardi, M., Roche, N., Shankar, F., & Sheth, R.K., MNRAS, 2010, submitted [arXiv:1005.3770]
Caon, N., Capaccioli, M., & D’Onofrio, M., 1993, MNRAS, 265, 1013CrossRef
Capaccioli, M., The World of Galaxies, ed. Corwin, H.G., Bottinelli, L. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag 1989), 208CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, D., 1978, MNRAS, 182, 797CrossRef
Carter, D., 1987, ApJ, 312, 514CrossRef
Côté, P., et al., 2007, ApJ, 671, 1456CrossRef
Davies, J.I., Phillipps, S., Cawson, M.G.M., Disney, M.J., & Kibblewhite, E.J., 1988, MNRAS, 232, 239CrossRef
Davies, R.L., Efstathiou, G., Fall, S.M., Illingworth, G., & Schechter, P.L., 1983, ApJ, 266, 41CrossRef
de Rijcke, S., Michielsen, D., Dejonghe, H., Zeilinger, W.W., & Hau, G.K.T., 2005, A&A, 438, 491
Djorgovski, S., & Davis, M., 1987, ApJ, 313, 59CrossRef
D’Onofrio, M., Capaccioli, M., & Caon, N., 1994, MNRAS, 271, 523CrossRef
Ebisuzaki, T., Makino, J., & Okumura, S.K., 1991, Nature, 354, 212CrossRef
Emsellem, E., et al., 2007, MNRAS, 379, 401CrossRef
Falcón-Barroso, J., Peletier, R.F., & Balcells, M., 2002, MNRAS, 335, 741CrossRef
Ferrarese, L., et al., 2006, ApJS, 164, 334CrossRef
Fisher, D.B., & Drory, N., 2010, ApJ, 716, 942CrossRef
Gadotti, D.A., 2009, MNRAS, 393, 1531CrossRef
Gargiulo, A., et al., 2009, MNRAS, 397, 75CrossRef
Gavazzi, G., Donati, A., Cucciati, O., et al., 2005, A&A, 430, 411
Graham, A.W., 2004, ApJ, 613, L33CrossRef
Graham, A.W., IAU Colloquia 198, “Near-Field Cosmology with Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies”, ed. H. Jerjen & B. Binggeli, (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2005), 303Google Scholar
Graham, A.W., 2008, ApJ, 680, 143CrossRef
Graham, A.W., & Driver, S.P., 2005, PASA, 22, 118CrossRef
Graham, A.W., Erwin, P., Trujillo, I., & Asensio Ramos, A., 2003, AJ, 127, 1917
Graham, A.W., & Guzmán, R., 2003, AJ, 125, 2936CrossRef
Graham, A.W., Merritt, D., Moore, B., Diemand, J., & Terzić, B., 2006, AJ, 132, 2711CrossRef
Graham, A.W., Onken, C.A., Athanassoula, E., & Combes, F., 2010 MNRAS, submitted, [ arXiv:1007.3834]
Graham, A.W., & Spitler, L.R., 2009, MNRAS, 397, 2148CrossRef
Graham, A.W., Trujillo, I., & Caon, N., 2001, AJ, 122, 1707CrossRef
Graham, A.W., & Worley, C.C., 2008, MNRAS, 388, 1708CrossRef
Greene, J.E., Ho, L.C., & Barth, A.J., 2008, ApJ, 688, 159CrossRef
Held, E.V., de Zeeuw, T., Mould, J., & Picard, A., 1992, AJ, 103, 851CrossRef
Jerjen, H., & Binggeli, B., 1997, The Nature of Elliptical Galaxies; The Second Stromlo Symposium ASP Conf. Ser., 116, 239
Kormendy, J., 1977, ApJ, 218, 333CrossRef
Kormendy, J., 1985, ApJ, 295, 73CrossRef
Kormendy, J., Fisher, D.B., Cornell, M.E., & Bender, R., 2009, ApJS, 182, 216CrossRef
Krajnović, D., et al., 2008, MNRAS, 390, 93CrossRef
La Barbera, F., Covone, G., Busarello, G., et al., 2005, MNRAS, 358, 1116CrossRef
Matković, A., & Guzmán, R., 2005, MNRAS, 362, 289CrossRef
Merritt, D., & Milosavljević, M., 2005, Liv. Rev. Relativ., 8, 8
Metcalfe, N., Godwin, J.G., & Peach, J.V., 1994, MNRAS, 267, 431CrossRef
Peletier, R.F., Davies, R.L., Illingworth, G.D., Davis, L.E., & Cawson, M., 1990, AJ, 100, 1091CrossRef
Sérsic, J.-L., Atlas de Galaxias Australes (Cordoba: Observatorio Astronomico, 1968)Google Scholar
Skelton, R.E., Bell, E.F., & Somerville, R.S., 2009, ApJ, 699, L9CrossRef
Tolstoy, E., Hill, V., & Tosi, M., 2009, ARA&A, 47, 371CrossRef
Trujillo, I., Erwin, P., Asensio Ramos, A., & Graham, A.W., 2004, AJ, 127, 1917CrossRef
Young, C.K., & Currie, M.J., 1994, MNRAS, 268, L11CrossRef
Young, C.K., & Currie, M.J., 1995, MNRAS, 273, 1141CrossRef
Zaritsky, D., Gonzalez, A.H., & Zabludoff, A.I., 2006, ApJ, 638, 725CrossRef