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Effects of self-reported hearing or vision impairment on depressive symptoms: a population-based longitudinal study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

J. H. Han Open the ORCID record for J. H. Han [Opens in a new window] ,
H. J. Lee ,
J. Jung  and
E.-C. Park
J. H. Han
Affiliation:
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
H. J. Lee*
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
J. Jung
Affiliation:
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
E.-C. Park
Affiliation:
Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*
*Address for correspondence: H.J. Lee, RN, MPH, Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Aims.

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of either hearing, vision or dual sensory impairment on depressive symptoms and to identify subgroups that are vulnerable and significantly affected.

Methods.

Data from the 2006–2014 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) were used and a total of 5832 individuals were included in this study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D10) scale. Sensory impairment was assessed according to the levels of self-reported hearing or vision, which were categorised as either good (excellent, very good or good) or poor (fair or poor). The changes in hearing or vision from records of previous survey were investigated. Changes from good to poor, which indicates new onset, were defined as hearing impairment or vision impairment. Interactions of changes in hearing and vision were considered in the analysis. Dual sensory impairment was indicated when hearing impairment and vision impairment both developed at the same time. Demographic, socioeconomic and health-related factors were considered as potential confounders and were adjusted for in the generalised estimating equation model.

Results.

Individuals with hearing impairment demonstrated significantly more severe depressive symptoms [β = 0.434, standard errors (s.e.) = 0.097, p < 0.001] than those who had good hearing. Those with vision impairment also showed significantly elevated depressive symptoms (β = 0.253, s.e. = 0.058, p < 0.001) than those with good vision. When the interactions between hearing and vision were considered, participants with dual sensory impairment showed significantly more severe depressive symptoms (β = 0.768, s.e. = 0.197, p < 0.001) than those with good hearing and vision. The effect of a single and dual sensory impairment on depressive symptoms was significant in both sexes and across age groups, except for vision impairment in male participants.

Conclusions.

Hearing, vision and dual sensory impairment are significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that treatment or rehabilitation of either hearing or vision impairment would help prevent depression.

Keywords

Depressiondual sensory impairmenthearing lossvision loss
Type
Original Articles
Information
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , June 2019 , pp. 343 - 355
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

†

These are co-corresponding authors.

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