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A Review of Current Theories Regarding Immunity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

James Ritchie
James Ritchie
Affiliation:
Reader in Pathology, University of Oxford.
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The primary object of these papers is to attempt to give a brief review of the present state of opinion regarding the many questions involved in the subject of immunity,—a review intended chiefly for those whose work is concerned with other fields of hygienic research. The carrying out of this aim has necessitated the re-statement of many facts familiar to bacteriologists, in order that the continuity of the discussion might be maintained. Wherever it has been considered advisable the details of the data which have formed the basis of theory have been given, but as a rule the leading results have been alone dealt with, partly because details might obscure the general principles it was intended to emphasise, partly because considerations of space have made an exhaustive treatment of the subject impossible.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , April 1902 , pp. 215 - 250
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1902

References

page 224 note 1 The term “side-chain” is unfortunate, as when applied to a chemical molecule whose constitution is known it has a definite meaning. Ehrlich has only used the term to express an analogy. It cannot but be wrong to speak, as is sometimes done, of the “side-chains” of a cell, though such side-chains may occur in molecules within the cell. The word “receptor” is much more fitting to express the group within the cells which may carry an affinity capable of saturation by a molecule outside the cell.

page 238 note 1 For a knowledge of the bearings of physical chemistry on this subject I am indebted to the kindness of my friend, Mr D. Nagel, Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford.

page 243 note 1 Considerable confusion arises through the variety of terms applied to the “complement” and “ immune body.” Complement is often called by Ehrlich “addiment” and by the French school, constantly, “alexine.” By the latter the immune body is called “la substance sensibilatrice.” All through this paper we have used the terms complement and immune body. As we shall see substances analogous to the latter sometimes occur in ordinary sera. These Ehrlich calls “ Zwischenkörper,” which we have translated “go-betweens.”.